Correctional Systems and Offender Management

These flashcards encompass key concepts concerning correctional systems, offender management, and related legal frameworks based on lecture notes.

Detainees (Level 3)

These individuals shall not be assigned work duties outside their assigned living units.

Refoulement

The expulsion of individuals who have the right to be recognized as refugees.

DACA

A program for individuals who came to the US before age 16 and meet specific criteria, including no felony conviction.

Iowa

A state praised for its model female offender programming due to comprehensive structure and community services.

Drug use

Female offenders do this more often than male offenders.

1.3 million

Approximate number of minor children who have a mother under criminal justice supervision.

Therapeutic community

An environment that provides behavior modifiers for offenders, offering immediate feedback on behavior.

HIV/AIDS-positive inmates

These inmates are often seen as 'punks' in prison culture.

Psychological abuse

Also known as emotional abuse, includes actions by caregivers that can cause serious impairments to a child.

Youth's peer groups

The primary source of socialization for young individuals.

Mood disorders

These include major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and dysthymic disorder.

General management

Unit, system, and regional are types of this level of prison management.

County-based correctional systems

The most common type of local correctional system in the United States.

Glass ceiling

Unofficial barriers preventing female officers from being promoted despite qualifications.

Prison food loaf

A food product served to inmates that contains all the ingredients of a well-balanced meal mixed together.

Female inmates

This group often experiences medical issues such as tuberculosis, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS.

Inmates

Due to budgetary issues, recreational opportunities in prisons are often funded by these.

England

The country that widely used banishment as a form of punishment during the 1500s and 1600s.

Medical model/era

The correctional thought from 1930 to the 1950s reflected this view.

Gang involvement

Parolees are considered at high risk for this type of activity.

20 states

Number of states authorizing lethal injection as the sole method of execution.

Retribution

Justification for death penalty based on the belief that punishment should match the severity of the crime.

2%

Approximately this percentage of death row inmates in the United States are female.

2,000

Estimated number of children separated from adult caretakers during a 30- to 40-day period in April-May 2018.

Detention Management

Division of ICE that coordinates facility compliance and monitoring for detained immigrants.

California

A state considered one of the most punitive for women based on incarceration rates in 2020.

Maternal grandmother

Most common relative caring for children of female prison inmates.

Violent offenses

Elderly first-time offenders frequently commit these types of crimes.

50%

Estimated percentage of elderly inmates who are first-time offenders incarcerated at 60 or older.

Child neglect

Occurs when a caregiver does not provide necessary support required by law.

Special Operations Response Teams

Most highly trained emergency response security staff.

Rogues and mavericks

Employees in correctional facilities who act as if they are independent of the institution.

60 to 83%

Portion of the nation's correctional population that has used drugs at some point in their lives.

Religious volunteers

Most common type of volunteer found in prison systems.

Probability of recidivism

Key concern considered for granting inmate parole.

Prison overcrowding

Factor not originally considered for parole but frequently accounted for now.

Death row

Term for persons waiting for execution after being convicted and sentenced.

Prosecutor

Legal official responsible for seeking a death penalty sentence in court.

Undocumented immigrants

More than 24,000 of these individuals were housed in Bureau of Prisons facilities at the end of 2017.

350 facilities

Number of facilities designed for penal, not civil, detention by ICE.

Office of Professional Responsibility

Investigates misconduct allegations involving immigration that violates laws.

HPV

The sexually transmitted infection that may cause a woman in a correctional facility to have warts in the genital area.

Female offenders

This group is more likely to report abuse and shows stronger links to abuse if a family member is incarcerated.

General population

Most sex offenders are typically housed in this area.

Malingering

Term used for inmates who falsely claim and fake illness symptoms.

Co-occurring disorders

Term used within the treatment community for offenders with two or more disorders.

Sexual abuse

Type of abuse indicated by behaviors such as parental jealousy or overprotection of a child.

Life-course-persistent offenders

Adolescents who engage in delinquent behavior and continue committing crimes into adulthood.

Uniform Juvenile Court Act

Act stating delinquent youth can be kept in an adult facility when no other options are available.

Administration Division

Federal Bureau of Prisons division responsible for financial and facility management.

Human Resource Management Division

Federal Bureau of Prisons division handling personnel matters.

Centralized method

Style of prison management reflective of bureaucratic models.

Detoxification

Primary mode of drug and alcohol treatment used in most jails.

Withdrawal

Critical component for success in detoxification programs.

Cutter v. Wilkinson

Supreme Court case supporting inmates' rights to practice non-traditional religions.

U.S. Sentencing Commission

Agency overseeing supervision of offenders released early for good behavior.

Sexual victimization

Gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals face an increased risk of this while incarcerated.

Lethal injection

Most commonly used method of execution in the United States.

Death row syndrome

Term describing harmful effects of conditions on death row inmates.

Gas chamber

Execution method that typically takes the longest to cause death.

Jennings v. Rodriguez

Supreme Court case ruling that migrant detainees can be held indefinitely without bond hearings.

Chivalry hypothesis

Contends there is a bias against giving women harsh punishments aligned with gender expectations.

56.4%

Percentage of all inmates who are federal female drug offenders.

Habitual elderly offenders

Term for offenders fitting the mold of greyhounds within the prison facility.

Miller v. Alabama

Supreme Court case that made it illegal to sentence youth to life without parole.

Participative method

Management style including feedback from inmates and staff in decision-making processes.

Estelle v. Gamble

Landmark Supreme Court case establishing inmates' rights to adequate medical care.

Institutional

Term describing the prison management style with a focus on organizational hierarchy.

Formal consortium

Interagency model reflected when case managers collaborate with external providers for inmates.

No one under 18

The lowest age declared by the Supreme Court for executing juveniles.