The history of hand gestures

pardon the pun

(phrase) used to apologise humorously after making a pun; "It was a grave situation – ___, of course." - xin lỗi vì chơi chữ

be culturally bound

(phrase) to be limited to or defined by a particular culture; "Some gestures ___ and mean different things in different countries." - gắn liền với văn hóa

universal

(adjective) applicable to or understood by everyone everywhere; "Smiling is considered a ___ sign of happiness." - phổ quát, mang tính toàn cầu

be associated with

(phrase) to be connected or linked with something; "The thumbs up gesture ___ approval in many Western countries." - được liên kết với, gắn với

originate

(verb) to come from or begin in a particular place or time; "The handshake is thought to ___ in ancient Greece." - bắt nguồn từ, xuất phát từ

regiment

(noun) a large military unit; "Each ___ had its own flag and set of customs." - trung đoàn (quân đội)

cone

(noun) a shape that is round at the base and pointed at the top; "The party hat is shaped like a ___." - hình nón

be held in place

(phrase) to be kept in position by something; "The helmet ___ a strap under the chin." - được giữ cố định tại chỗ

chinstrap

(noun) a strap that goes under the chin to hold a hat or helmet on; "The soldier fastened the ___ before going into battle." - dây buộc cằm

apparently

(adverb) based on what seems to be true; "___, the gesture dates back to Roman times." - có vẻ như, rõ ràng là

gladiator

(noun) a man trained to fight in ancient Roman arenas; "The ___ raised his sword to salute the crowd." - võ sĩ giác đấu

emperor

(noun) the ruler of an empire; "The crowd waited for the ___ to decide the gladiator's fate." - hoàng đế

fate

(noun) what will happen to someone, especially something bad; "The gladiator's ___ was in the hands of the crowd." - số phận

spare someone's life

(phrase) to choose not to kill someone; "The crowd signalled for the emperor to ___ the defeated fighter." - tha mạng cho ai đó

execution

(noun) the act of killing someone as a punishment; "A thumbs down signalled ___." - hành quyết, tử hình

indicate

(verb) to show or suggest something; "A thumbs up was said to ___ that the fighter should live." - chỉ ra, biểu thị

arena

(noun) a large enclosed area used for sports or entertainment; "The gladiators fought in front of thousands in the ___." - đấu trường

curtseying

(verb) performing a curtsy by bending the knees as a sign of respect; "She practised ___ before meeting the queen." - cúi chào (kiểu phụ nữ), khom mình chào

multitude

(noun) a very large number of people or things; "A ___ of different gestures exist across cultures." - đám đông, số lượng lớn

sportsmanship

(noun) fair and generous behaviour when playing a sport or competing; "Shaking hands after a match is a sign of good ___." - tinh thần thể thao

stray from

(phrasal verb) to move away from the correct path or topic; "Don't ___ the main point of your argument." - lạc khỏi, đi chệch khỏi

convey

(verb) to communicate or express an idea or feeling; "A simple nod can ___ agreement without any words." - truyền đạt, thể hiện