Field Botany IDs

Previously ID'd plants *Redo 1 - 31

*Quercus rubra;* Fagaceae

Northern Red Oak:

Lobed, pointed leaves, reddish, gray brown bark with ridges, acorns

*Quercus alba;* Fagaceae

White Oak:

Lobed, rounded leaves, acorns

*Acer rubrum;* Sapindaceae

Red Maple:

Lobed, toothed leaves, red petioles, whirly gigs

*Acer saccharum;* Sapindaceae

Sugar Maple:

Lobed, smooth leaves, whirly gigs

*Tsuga canadensis;* Pinaceae

Canada Hemlock:

white lines on bottom of needles, small cones, bumpy twigs, flat needles

*Liriodendron tulipifera;* Magnoliaceae

Tulip-Tree:

Tulip shaped orange flowers, cat face like leaves

*Toxicodendron radicans;* Anacardiaceae

Poison-Ivy:

red stem with three leaflets can be smooth or toothed, pointed or rounded, and glossy or dull. Leaflets have hairs, symmetrical center leaflet on a longer stem with asymmetrical side leaflets. Typically deep glossy green or bright “neon” green. Woody, ropey, vine. Aerial roots.

*Arctium minus;* Asteraceae

Common Burdock:

Spiky seed casings, purple petals that stick out the top. Velcro. Large alternate leaves, smooth with slightly frilly edges, small hairs

*Plantago rugelii*; Plantaginaceae

Blackseed Plantain:

Basal, leaves with tall seed stalk

*Urtica dioica*; Urticaceae

Stinging Nettle:

Narrow, arrow shaped, toothed leaves. Covered in fine thick hairs, clustered green flowers.

*Rudbeckia hirta;* Asteraceae

Black-eyed Susan:

yellow florets, cone shaped disk. opposite leaves, leaves are long and arrow shaped.

*Phytolacca americana;* Phytolaccaceae

Pokeweed:

Large leaves with red stems. green berries that turn dark purple

*Acer platanoides;* Sapindaceae

Norway maple:

Very large leaves smooth lobed leaves, pointer than sugar maple, very large fruit, almost 180%, MILKY SAP, smoother bark than sugar maple

*Acer negundo;* Sapindaceae

Boxelder maple:

Compound slightly toothed leaves, v-shaped fruit

*Juglans nigra;* Juglandaceae

Black Walnut;

Compound, alternate toothed leaves, big green walnuts that turn black.

*Vitis sp;* Vitaceae

Wild grapes:

vine- growin on things, large heart-shaped, , toothed leaves, alternate leaves - leaf on one side, tendril on other, new leaves glossy and reddish

*Ambrosia artemisiifolia;* Asteraceae

Common ragweed:

tall, deep cut simple leaves, litte green/yellow cup flowers

*Asclepias syriaca;* Apocynaceae

Common Milkweed:

Milky latex, large simple smooth leaves, huge spiky fruit

Cyperus esculentus; Cyperaceae

Yellow nutsedge:

TRIANGLE STEM, yellow spike flowers, thrive in disturbed areas

*Echinocystis lobata;* Cucurbitaceae

Wild cucumber:

starrish-shaped, palmate, smooth, big curly-cue tendrils, white 6 petal flowers, prickly oblong circular fruits

*Impatiens pallida;* Balsaminaceae

Yellow jewelweed:

large orchid like yellow flowers, tooth large oblong leaves

*Justicia americana;* Acanthaceae

Water-willow:

riparian, grows in marginal edges, emergent growth form, long smooth simple alternate leaves, beautiful bilaterial purple flowers

*Laportea canadensis;* Urticaceae

Wood nettle:

Large, toothed flowers, fine silica hairs, white/green female flowers on the very top of the plant with lacy white male flowers handing down beneath

Lobelia cardinalis; Campanulaceae

Cardinal Flower:

Beautiful, red, bird looking, bilateral flowers. reddish stem

Lythrum salicaria; Lythraceae

Purple loosestrife:

square stem, 6 petal purple flower, thin, opposite, leaves

*Pilea pumila;* Urticaceae

Clearweed:

Succulent, thick, translucent, fleshy stem. Smells like pepper, strong veining - almost like quilting, toothed leaves

*Polygnum sp.;* Polygonaceae

Smartweed:

Riparian, pink flowers, with long, smooth pointed leaves

*Sicyos angulatus;* Cucurbitaceae

Bur cucumber:

LARGE leaves, distinct 5 point greenish/white flowers with lollipop like stigma

*Solidago sp.;* Asteraceae

Goldenrod:

yellow cluster flower, tall stacks, pointed leaves

*Vallisneria americana;* Hydrocharitaceae

Water-celery:

monicious, male flower get detached (very small), long stalked female flower floats on surface of water, water pollination

*Xanthium strumarium;* Asteraceae

Rough cocklebur:

Green, ovular, britley pods, toothed, lobed leaves, reddish leaves, scaboruous

*Celtis occidentalis;* Cannabaceae

Hackberry:

Scaborous, toothed, asymmetrical leaves. Warty grey bark

*Fraxinus nigra;* Oleaceae

Black Ash:

Opposite compound leaves (7-9), criss-cross bark, often dead :(

*Gleditsia triacanthos;* Fabaceae

Honey Locust:

shield like, flakey bark, long bean seed pods, edible green pulp, clusters of sharp thorns (modified stems), bi-pinnately compound leaves

*Juniperus virginiana;* Cupressaceae

Eastern redcedar:

sharp, berry like white/blue axillary cones, scale like leaves

*Ligustrum sp.;* Oleaceae

Privet:

Opposite, rounded leaves, little olive like, terminal droops that turn blue - invasive

*Lonicera maackii;* Caprifoliaceae

Amur honeysuckle:

opposite leaves, double red berries on top of leaves. Ridgey, ropey bark

*Platanus occidentalis;* Plantanaceae

Sycamore:

maple like leaves but alternate, leaf like projections on twigs (stipules), buds hidden under petiole. Giant, rougher bark at base, camouflage like bark as you move up

*Elodea canadensis*; Hydrocharitaceae

Common water-weed but she’s elodea lets be real:

Whorls of 3 otherwise its an invasive look alike

*Potamogeton sp.;* Potamogetonaceae

Pondweed: Put em up and get on

wavy broad alternate leaves, calciphile

*Ambrosia trifida;* Asteraceae

Giant Ragweed:

She big bb, can get up to 10ft tall. Huge tri-love leaves, very scabarous, downward facing green cup flowers

*Impatiens capensis*; Balsaminaceae

Jewelweed:

orange spotted bilateral flowers, smaller than pallida

*Glycene max*; Fabaceae

Soybean:

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*Maianthemum racemosum;* Ruscaceae

False Solomon’s Seal

White/red / red, berries at the tips, white flowers, fuzzy alternate, parrallel leaves

*Rudbeckia triloba;* Asteraceae

Three-lobed coneflower:

pointed, toothed, tri-lobed leaves, spread yellow rays, small flowers

*Rudbeckia laciniata;* Asteraceae

Cut-Leaved coneflower:

Droopy rays, light brown/green/yellow disk florets. Leaves are deeply lobed at base with small lobes at top \~5 total lobes

*Solanum carolinense;* Solanaceae

Horse-nettle

*Veronia noveboracensis;* Asteraceae

New York Ironweed:

purple discflowers, roughish smooth leaves?, toothed margins, very tall

*Zea mays*; Poaceae

It’s corn bb

Acer pensylvanicum; Sapindaceae

Striped Maple:

Striped Bark!!!

Betula lenta; Betulaceae

Black birch:

Horizontally striped bark like white birch but grey. Smells like birch beer!

Betula papyrifera; Betulaceae

Paper birch:

Horizontally striped white bark,

Castanea dentata; Fagaceae

American Chestnut:

New ones are often coming from old stumps, strongly toothed margins with pointy tip

Nyssa sylvatica; Cornaceae

Blackgum:

90° alternate twig, early red foliage, shiny complete leaves

Pinus rigida; Pinacea

Pitch Pine:

Needles in 3, very spiky longer cones, bushy needles

Pinus resinosa; Pinaceae

Red Pine:

Needles in 2, clean snap, rounded small cones, red flaky bark

Populus grandidentata; Salicaceae

Bigtooth Aspen

Large rounded toothed margins, deeply furrowed lower bark with smoother birch-like top bark, petioles flat and vertical rather than horizontal

Quercus montana; Fagaceae

Chestnut Oak

Not deeply lobed, more like smooth rounded teeth, furrowed deep grey bark, soft leaf bottoms

Sassafras albidum; Lauraceae

Sassafrass

Alternate entire, lobed leaves mittens or threes, green twigs, smells lemony!

Comptonia peregrina; Myricaceae

Sweetfern

Knee to thigh, dark red twigs, fern like lobed leaves

Gaultheria procumbens; Ericaceae

Teaberry

Thick, waxy leaves, smells like mint, red berries, low to ground

Hamamelis virginiana; Hamamelidaceae

Witchhazel

Yellow ribbony flowers, little face like fruit, alternate asymmetrical leaves

Kalmia latifolia; Ericaceae

Mountain Laurel

Evergreen, shiny thick cuticle leaves, dark green top, 5-7ish leaves, viney bark, berries protrude red stem, w/stigma sticking out

Ageratina altissima; Asteraceae

White Snakeroot

Heart toothed margin leaves, tall, reduced white flowers

Linaria vulgaris; Plantaginaceae

Butter-and eggs

Zygomatic orange and white flower, small linear leaves

Microstegium vimineum; Poaceae

Japanese Stilt-Grass

Verbascum thapsus; Scrophulariaceae

Common mullein

TALL, like lambs ear, very soft, yellow candle like flower

Onoclea sensibilis; Dryopteridaceae

Sensitive Fern

Solid brown seed stalks

Pteridium aquilinum; PolypodiaceaE

Bracken Fern

Tripod like, tall, 3 fronds, can be a hat

Swida amomum; Cornaceae

Smooth dogwood
Blue/white fruit, maroon stems

Swida racemosum; Cornaceae

Grey dogwood

white fruit, bright red cluster stems, grey rough twigs

Pinus strobus; Pinaceae

Eastern White Pine:

5-needle, white striped, flexible, long pones often covered in resin, look fluffy!

Epigaea repens; Ericaceae

Trailing arbutus

Rough, leathery oblong leaves , red roots

Gaylussacia baccata; Ericaceae

Black Huckleberry:

Grey twigs, small dots on back of leaf, black berries

Smilax rotundifolia; Smilacaceae

Round-leaved greenbriar

Woody vines, tendrils, rounded heart shaped leaves, prickles, green/white to blue berries

Mitchella repens; Rubiaceae

Partridge berry

opposite leaves, ground creeping, fused red double berries, evergreen, light center vein

Carex sp.; Cyperaceae

Sedge

Sedges have edges

Juncus sp.; Juncaceae

Rush

rushes are round, round, quill like flowers at tips

Sphagnum sp.; Sphagnaceae

Lycopodium; Lycopodiaceae

Club Moss

look like little trees

Dennstaedtia punctilobula

Hay-scented fern

smells like grass, feathery, bright green

Osmunda cinnamonea

Cinnamon Fern:

Separate fertile fronds, look cinnamon like

Osmunda claytoniana

Interrupted Fern

Reproductive parts in the middle of the frond

Osmunda regalis

Reproductive parts at top of frond, branching and leafing

Berberis thunbergii; Berberidaceae

Japanese barberry

Carpinus caroliniana; Betulaceae

Hornbeam

Carya ovata; Juglandaceae

Shagbark hickory

Elaeagnus umbellata; Elaeagnaceae

Autumn-olive

Lindera benzoin; Lauraceae

Spicebush

Prunus serotina; Rosaceae

Black Cherry

Quercus bicolor; Fagaceae

Swamp White Oak

Quercus palustris; Fagaceae

Pin Oak

Rosa multiflora; Rosaceae

Multiflora rose

Rubus spp.; Rosaceae

blackberries/raspberries

Ulmus rubra; Ulmaceae

Slippery Elm

Lemna sp; Araceae

Duckweed

Sagittaria latifolia; Alismataceae

Arrowhead

Solanum dulcamara; Solanaceae

Bittersweet nightshade

Sparganium sp; Sparganiaceae

Bur-reed