chapter 2 - the nature of molecules & properties of water

oxidation

loss of an electron

reduction

gain an electron

redox reactions

oxidation & reduction

compound

mix of elements

electronegativity

atom’s affinity fpr electrons

cohesion

water molecules stick to other water molecules by hydrogen bonding

adhesion

water molecules stick to other polar molecules by hydrogen bonding

hydrogen bonds

• attraction of partial charges

• individual bonds are weak

• enormous cumulative effect

• responsible for water’s important physical properties

properties of water (exam question)

1. high specific heat

2. high heat of vaporization

3. solid is less dense than liquid

4. good solvent

5. organizes nonpolar molecules

6. form ions

acid

Any substance that dissociates in water to increase the H+

(and lower the pH)

base

Substance that combines with H+ dissolved in water, and

thus lowers the H+

buffer

substance that resists change to pH