Monohybrid inheritance

Chromosome

Highly coiled, linear strand of DNA and associated proteins (histones)

Chromatid

One of two strands of DNA that make up a duplicated chromosome

Centromere

Region where two sister chromatids attach

Telomere

Protective region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome

Histones

Proteins that package and order the DNA into chromosomes

Gene locus

Where genes are located at a specific position on a specific chromosome

Homologous chromosome

A pair of paternal and maternal chromosomes with the same set of genes in the same sequence

Gene

A region of DNA that codes for the amino acid sequence in a protein

Allele

Different/alternative form of a gene

Codes for a certain protein

Homozygous

Identical alleles

Heterozygous

Different alleles

Haploid

One set of chromosomes

Diploid

Two sets of chromosomes

Genotype

The alleles present/genetic make up

Phenotype

Visible characteristics caused by expression of alleles/genotype

Dominant

An allele that is always expressed

Recessive

An allele that is only expressed when homozygous

Locus

For each gene, two copies found on gene locus of paired chromosomes

Monohybrid inheritance?

Characteristic controlled by one gene