Computer Graphics Midterm Exam Reviewer v3

______________ can also be described as the number of horizontal points to vertical points (or vice versa) necessary to produce equal-length lines in both directions on the screen.

Aspect Ratio

The glColorPointer has 4 parameters for the function to work. One of its parameter is the size, for the size it is the number of components per color. What is the minimum number of components?

4

A type of display where a matrix of diodes is arranged to form the pixel positions in the display, and picture definition is stored in a refresh buffer.

LED PANEL

The frequency at which a picture is redrawn on the screen is referred to as ____________________.

REFRESH RATE

use optical effects to convert sunlight or light from some other source into graphics patterns

NONEMISSIVE DISPLAYS

What OpenGL constant is used to activate the use of colors as arrays in your application.

GL_COLOR_ARRAY

In the OpenGL Rendering pipeline it is where the parts of the primitive that are determined to be potentially visible are sent to a fixed-function subsystem called the rasterizer.

Primitive Assembly

The time parameter in glutTimerFunc sets the callback to trigger in the span of

Millisecond

Common aspect ration for vertical smartphones

9:16

The most common type of graphics monitor employing a CRT is the ____________________ display, based on television technology. In this system the electron beam is swept across the screen, one row at a time, from top to bottom

Raster Scan Display

OpenGLs architecture is a client-server model where the client is the application and the server is the_______________

Video Card

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLsizei

int

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLfloat

float

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLclampf

float

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLdouble

double

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLclampd

double

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLubyte

unsigned char

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLushort

unsigned short

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLuint

unsigned int

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLenum

unsigned int

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

GLbitfield

unsigned int

also called gas-discharge displays, are constructed by filling the region between two glass plates with a mixture of gases that usually includes neon

Plasma Panel

The maximum number of points that can be displayed without overlap on a CRT is referred to as the __________________________.

Resolution

If the number of vertices specified for GL_TRIANGLES is not in multiples of 3. What will happen to the rendered triangle.

A triangle will be rendered and the excess vertex will be ignored

High-quality raster-graphics systems have 24 bits per pixel in the frame buffer, allowing 256 voltage settings for each electron gun and nearly _________ million color choices for each pixel

17

Common aspect ration for HDTV, Widescreen display

16:9

Alternatively you can use glDrawElements() to render a vertex array, the 2nd parameter for the glDrawElements() function is the

Specifies the number of elements to be rendered

The glColorPointer has 4 parameters for the function to work. What is the purpose of the 1st parameter

Specifies the number of components per color

The glColorPointer has 4 parameters for the function to work. What is the purpose of the last parameter

Specifies a pointer to the first component of the first color element in the array.

How many parameters does glutFullScreen have?

0

Display devices that convert electrical energy into lightD

emissive displays

Copy and Paste the items below to their appropriate description.

GL_POINT

GL_LINE

GL_LINE_LOOP

GL_LINE_STRIP

Use this primitive to draw a sequence of connected line segments

GL_LINE_STRIP

Copy and Paste the items below to their appropriate description.

GL_POINT

GL_LINE

GL_LINE_LOOP

GL_LINE_STRIP

Use this primitive type to render mathematical points. OpenGL renders a point for each vertex specified.

GL_POINT

Copy and Paste the items below to their appropriate description.

GL_POINT

GL_LINE

GL_LINE_LOOP

GL_LINE_STRIP

Use this primitive to close a line strip

GL_LINE_LOOP

Copy and Paste the items below to their appropriate description.

GL_POINT

GL_LINE

GL_LINE_LOOP

GL_LINE_STRIP

Use this primitive to draw unconnected line segments.

GL_LINE

Historically, the operation of most video monitors was based on the standard CRT design. What does CRT stands for

Cathode Ray Tube

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

signed char

unsigned char

float

unsigned short

signed short

int

double

unsigned int

Question:

GLbyte

signed char

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

signed char

unsigned char

float

unsigned short

signed short

int

double

unsigned int

Question:

GLshort

signed short

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

signed char

unsigned char

float

unsigned short

signed short

int

double

unsigned int

Question:

Glint

int

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

signed char

unsigned char

float

unsigned short

signed short

int

double

unsigned int

Question:

GLsizei

int

Identify the equivalent C-Language Type for each OpenGL Type Definition, using the different data types below:

signed char

unsigned char

float

unsigned short

signed short

int

double

unsigned int

Question:

GLfloat

float

For this course we will be using the DEvC++ IDE. Which version of IDE does this course recommend?

BloodShed

Orwell DevCpp

MingW

GCC

Orwell DevCpp

GLUT was originally written by.

Graydon Hoare

James Gosling

Mark Kilgard

Ivan Sutherland

Mark Kilgard

On what version of OpenGL does the original GLUT was abandoned?

3.7

1.7

2.5

4.3

3.7

It is a free-software/open source alternative to the OpenGL Utility Toolkit library.

GCC

MingW

Freeglut

LLVM

Freeglut

What does GLUT stands for?

OpenGL Utility Toolkit

OpenGL Utility Template

OpenGL User Tools

OpenGL User Graphical Text

OpenGL Utility Toolkit

In creating an OpenGL application in Dev-C++, what type of project should be selected?

DLL

Windows Application

Static Library

Console Application

Console Application

Where do you add the include and library folders of freeglut?

Project->Options->Directories

Project->Add To Project

Project->New File

Tools->Package Manager

Project->Options->Directories

What additional command line options do you include for an OpenGL program to work in Dev-C++?

-lfreeglut

-lglu32

-lopengl32

All of the above

All of the above

A command line option needed for the successful compilation of an OpenGL application.

-lfreeglut

-lopengl

-lgraphics

-lfreegl

-lfreeglut

Which of the following is the proper declaration of a pointer?

int *x;

int x;

int &x;

ptr x;

int *x;

OpenGL is best described as:

A graphics hardware device

A computer graphics rendering API

An operating system component

A programming language

A computer graphics rendering API

Which company first developed OpenGL?

Microsoft

Silicon Graphics (SGI)

IBM

Oracle

Silicon Graphics (SGI)

The first version of OpenGL was released in:

1990

1992

1994

1996

1994

OpenGL operates using which model?

Object-Oriented Model

Client-Server Model

Event-Driven Model

MVC Model

Client-Server Model

Which organization currently manages OpenGL standards?

ISO

IEEE

Khronos Group

ACM

Khronos Group

The latest version of OpenGL mentioned in the slides is:

3

4

4.5

5

4.5

In the sample OpenGL program, which function clears the screen buffer?

glEnd()

glBegin()

glClear()

glFlush()

glClear()

Which OpenGL function specifies the start of a primitive?

glStart()

glVertex()

glDraw()

glBegin()

glBegin()

What is the role of glEnd()?

Ends a list of vertices

Ends a program

Clears memory

Closes the window

Ends a list of vertices

Which OpenGL function forces buffered commands to execute?

glClear()

glBegin()

glDrawArrays()

glFlush()

glFlush()

Which keyword is used to define a function in C++?

method

func

function

No keyword required

No keyword required

What is the default return type of a function in C++ if none is specified?

void

int

float

double

void

Which of the following correctly defines a function prototype in C++?

int sum(int, int);

sum(int, int);

function sum(int, int);

prototype sum(int, int);

int sum(int, int);

What is a function that calls itself called?

inline function

overloadded function

recursive function

friend function

recursive function

Which of the following is true about inline functions?

Defined inside a class only

Compiler always expands inline functions

They reduce function call overhead

They can only return integers

They reduce function call overhead

What is the purpose of the return statement?

to stop a loop

to end a function and return a value

to return a value

to allocae memory

to end a function and return a value

Which function type does not return any value?

vois

int

double

char

vois

What happens if a function is declared but not defined in C++?

compiler ignores it

linker error occurs

it runs with default behavior

it is treated as inline

linker error occurs

Which keyword is used to define a function inside a class?

inline function

member

nothing spacial, just declare normally

func

nothing spacial, just declare normally

Which of the following allows multiple functions with the same name but different parameters?

Function overriding

Function overloading

Function templating

Operator overloading

Function overloading

What is computer graphics primarily concerned with?

Group of answer choices

Editing audio

Writing novels

Managing databases

Creating and manipulating visual content using computers

Creating and manipulating visual content using computers

Which programming language is widely used for graphics due to performance and memory control?

Group of answer choices

Ruby

C++

Python

Java

C++

What does GPU stand for?

Group of answer choices

Global Performance Utility

Graphics Processing Unit

Graphical Programming Utility

General Processing Unit

Graphics Processing Unit

Which of the following is a raster graphics format?

Group of answer choices

DWG

SVG

Postscript

PNG

PNG

Which graphics type is scalable without loss of quality?

Group of answer choices

Bitmap

Raster

Pixmap

Vector

Vector

Who is considered a pioneer of computer graphics?

Group of answer choices

Alan Turing

John Carmack

Ivan Sutherland

Tim Berners-Lee

Ivan Sutherland

What is the aspect ratio of a screen with 4 horizontal units and 3 vertical units?

Group of answer choices

1:1

3:4

16:9

4:3

4:3

Which application area uses computer graphics for virtual surgery simulations?

Group of answer choices

Scientific Visualization

Medical Visualization

AR

CAD

Medical Visualization

What does VRAM stand for?

Group of answer choices

Video RAM

Visual RAM

Variable RAM

Virtual RAM

Video RAM

Which bit depth supports 256 tones?

Group of answer choices

4-bit

8-bit

24-bit

16-bit

8-bit

Which rendering algorithm introduced in 1980 simulates global illumination using ray tracing?

Group of answer choices

Anti-aliasing

Ray tracing

Z-buffer

Radiosity

Ray tracing

Which graphics pioneer developed the Sketchpad system?

Group of answer choices

Sutherland

Catmull

Blinn

Warnock

Sutherland

Which lighting model includes ambient, diffuse, and specular components?

Group of answer choices

Gouraud

Phong

Lambert

Blinn

Phong

What is the primary advantage of vector graphics over raster graphics?

Group of answer choices

Smaller file size

Better color depth

Scalability without pixelation

Faster rendering

Scalability without pixelation

Which algorithm solves the visibility problem by sorting surfaces?

Group of answer choices

Z-buffer

Warnock

Appel

Sutherland

Sutherland

Which rendering equation was introduced by Kajiya in 1986?

Group of answer choices

Radiosity

Rendering equation

Ray tracing

Shade trees

Rendering equation

Which bit depth supports over 16 million tones?

Group of answer choices

24-bit

32-bit

8-bit

16-bit

24-bit

Which file format is used for vector graphics in web applications?

Group of answer choices

TIFF

SVG

PNG

JPG

SVG

Which graphics concept studies how humans perceive light and visual information?

Group of answer choices

Simulation

Perception

Visualization

Rendering

Perception

Which graphics technique uses physics to animate models over time?

Group of answer choices

Shading

Modeling

Rendering

Simulation

Simulation

What is one purpose of using functions in programming?

Group of answer choices

To increase memory usage

To reuse abstractions

To complicate the code

To make the program longer

To reuse abstractions

The sqrt() function calculates the square root of a number.

Group of answer choices

False

True

True

Which of the following is a function with no return value and no parameter?

Group of answer choices

int addTwoNumbers(int n1, int n2)

void displayHello()

void printit(int x)

int addTwo()

void displayHello()

The int main() function is the only required function in a C++ program.

Group of answer choices

False

True

False

What does the fabs() function return?

Group of answer choices

The logarithm of a number

The floor of a number

The absolute value of a floating-point number

The cube root of a number

The absolute value of a floating-point number

The pow(x, y) function raises x to the power of y.

Group of answer choices

False

True

True

What is the output of cout << "Hello World..." << endl;?

Group of answer choices

Hello World...

"Hello World..."

cout

endl

Hello World...

What is a function prototype?

Group of answer choices

A declaration that tells the compiler about a function's valid input and output

The main part of a function

The body of a function

A variable that stores a function

A declaration that tells the compiler about a function's valid input and output

What is the value of cbrt(27.0)?

Group of answer choices

-3.0

9.0

3.0

27.0

3