BIS232/234 Introduction to Human Anatomy Flashcards

Flashcards covering introductory module details and Week 1 thoracic anatomy concepts from BIS232/234.

Which staff member delivers the lectures for Trunk and Upper limb in Semester 1?

Dr Ofelia Meza-Escobar

What is the deadline date to upgrade to BIS234 or downgrade to BIS232?

19/01/2026

What declaration must students sign before attending their first practical in the Medical Teaching Unit (MTU)?

"Health, Safety and Professional Behaviour in the Medical Teaching Unit – Declaration"

What rule regarding personal electronic devices applies inside the MTU?

NO PHONES inside the MTU

Which three skeletal components comprise the thoracic cage?

Sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae

What are the three components that form the sternum?

Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

What are the three layers of intercostal muscles ordered from superficial to deep?

External, internal, and innermost intercostal muscles

Between which two layers of intercostal muscles is the neurovascular bundle located?

Between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles

What is the order of structures in the intercostal neurovascular bundle from superior to inferior?

Intercostal vein, artery, and nerve (VAN)

What structures form the boundaries of the superior thoracic aperture (inlet)?

Sternum, 1st rib, and 1st thoracic vertebrae

What structures form the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture (outlet)?

Xiphisternal joint, costal cartilage of 7th-10th ribs, 11th-12th ribs, and 12th thoracic vertebrae

Which nerve innervates the thoracic diaphragm?

Phrenic nerve

What are the three passageways through the thoracic diaphragm into the abdomen?

Caval opening, oesophageal hiatus, and aortic hiatus

Into what three sub-divisions is the inferior mediastinum further divided?

Anterior, middle, and posterior mediastina

At what structure does the trachea bifurcate into the right and left main bronchi?

Carina

How does the structure of the right main bronchus compare to the left main bronchus?

The right main bronchus is shorter, wider, and descends more vertically than the left main bronchus

How many lobar bronchi does the right main bronchus divide into versus the left main bronchus?

The right bronchus divides into three lobar bronchi, while the left bronchus divides into two lobar bronchi

How many lobes and fissures are found in the right lung?

3 lobes (superior, middle, and inferior) and 2 fissures (oblique and horizontal)

What features are present on the left lung that are not found on the right lung?

Lingula and cardiac notch (along with having only 2 lobes and 1 oblique fissure)

What is the key distinction between the hilum and the root of the lung?

The hilum of the lung is the area, whereas the root of the lung refers to the structures

Which structure lies most posteriorly within the root/hilum of the lung?

Bronchus

Which vessels are the most anterior and inferior within the lung's hilum?

Superior and inferior pulmonary veins

What is the course of the phrenic nerve relative to the root of the lung?

Anterior to the lung's root

What is the course of the vagus nerve (CNX) relative to the root of the lung?

Posterior to the lung's root

Up to what anatomical landmark does the vagus nerve supply the gastrointestinal tract?

Splenic flexure