HA&P Chapter 1

Anatomical Position

To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

Supine

lying on the back, face up

Prone

lying face down, on the belly

Frontal (coronal) plane

divides body into front and back (anterior and posterior)

Saggital plane

divides the body into a right and left side

Midsagittal

plane that lies directly in the middle

Parasaggital

offset from the midline

Transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions (superior and inferior)

Proximal

closer to the point of attachment

Distal

away from the point of attachment

Posterior (dorsal)

the back surface

Anterior (ventral)

the front surface

Frontal

forehead

Mental

chin

Carpals

wrist bones

Pollex

thumb

Hollex

big toe

Acromial

shoulder

Popiteal

back of the knee

Serous membrane

lines the inner walls of a body cavity

Parietal

the outer wall of the body cavity

Viscera

the internal organs of the body

Pleura

Membrane surrounding the lungs

Pericardium

Membrane surrounding the heart

Peritoneum

membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

right and left pleural cavities

contain the right and left lungs

Mediastinum

space between the lungs

blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus

what does the upper portion of the mediastinum contain

the pericardial cavity where the heart is loacted

what does the lower portion of the mediastinum contain

Autoregulation

the body takes care of itself

Receptor

receives the stimulus / receives information that something in the environment is changing

control center

processes the signal from the receptor and sends instructions

Effector

responds to commands of the control center / carries out instructions

negative feedback

serves to reduce an excessive response to keep a variable within normal range

positive feedback

serves to intensify a response until an endpoint is reached

If your body fails to regulate...

you have a disease