Second and Third Tri OB

by what week have majority of organs formed

12 weeks

what is the first trimester termed

differentiation and development

what are the 2nd and 3rd trimesters termed

growth and maturation

What layer does the placenta implant

basalis layer

the placenta should not measure more than

4cm

what closes the shunts due to pressure change

babies first breath

what vein carries oxygenated blood

umbilical vein

What are the three shunts

foramen ovale

Ductus arteriosis 

Ductus venosus 

what is placenta grading

how mature the placenta is

which placenta location is not ideal

fundal

if part of the placenta covers the internal cervical os it is termed

previa

what is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding in second and third trimesters 

placental previa 

When does total previa occur

when entire cervical os is obstructed

when does partial previa occur

portion of cervical os is obstructed

what fluid measurement is used 24 weeks and under

AFV

what is the normal amount of fluid in an AFV measurement 

2cm

in AFI what is considered normal

8 to 25 cm

what bones are the first to ossify

fetal skull and femur

the umbilical vein becomes what ligament

ligamentum teres

The umbilical vein enters the liver then

the portal sinus

Then connects with proximal left portal vein

What shunts blood to the IVC

ductus venosus

what does the ductus venosus become

ligamentum venosum

what are the two structures unique to the fetal heart

foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus

what is the opening between the atria of the heart

foramen ovale

the foramen ovale allows blood to move form

right to left in atrial chambers

what connects the pulmonary artery and aorta

ductus arteriosus

the ductus arteriosus allows blood to move from

pulmonary artery to aorta

what atrium is closest to the spine

left atrium 

what ventricle is closest to anterior chest wall

right ventricle

How many degrees is the axis of the heart tilted

45 degrees

What can you see in the right ventricle

moderator band seen

primitive lungs mature after

25 weeks

what measures ability of lungs to function

lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio

What part of GI tract forms at 12 weeks

fetal stomach

what is meconium made of

amniotic fluid, glandular secretions, vernix and bile

what liver lobe is larger is fetus

left lobe

what side should the stomach be on 

the left side 

what side is the gallbladder on

the right side of abdomen

what organ is hematopoietic as a fetus

spleen

echogenic bowel is common in what anomaly

trisomy 21

low fluid could indicate a

kidney issue

if there’s fluid seen that means there is

at least one working kidney

The umbilical vein transports

oxygenated blood

the umbilical artery transports

deoxygenated blood

The scrotum should descend by 

7th month

to determine gender you must see

scrotum or labia

what bathes the brain and spinal cord

cerebrospinal fluid

what aids in movement, coordination, balance, and posture

cerebellum

Relationship of cerebellum to brain stem

superior and posterior 

what are the three cerebral hemispheres

corpus collosum

Sylvian fissure

Falx cerebri

what is CSF formed from

choroid plexus

where is CSF found

lateral, third, and fourth ventricles

the third ventricle is midline within the

thalamus 

The fourth ventricle is

midline and anterior to cerebellum

what does the foramen of Monroe connect

lateral ventricles to third ventricle

what does the aqueduct of Sylvia’s do

joints third and fourth ventricles

the atrium should measure less than 

10mm

what is the largest cistern

cisterna magna

what are the landmarks for BPD

falx, CSP, and thalamus

HC includes the

skin line

What makes up fetal biometry

HC, BPD, AC, FL

what is the most common cause of bleeding in 2nd and 3rd tri

previa