Chemistry of Life Study Guide

Hydrogen Bond

Weak bond where a polarized molecule is attracted to another

Acid (on pH scale)

0-6.99 repeating on the pH scale

Base on the pH scale

7.001-14 on the pH scale

Buffer

Solutions in our body that help regulate pH. It removes H⁺ or OH^- that could change pH

Metabolism

Set of chemical reactions in life that maintain homeostasis by producing and consuming energy

Monomer

Small molecules that can be linked together

Polymer

Large molecules by linking monomers with covalent bonds

Polypeptide

Polymer for proteins

Amino Acids

Monomer of a protein

Polysaccharide

Polymer for carbohydrates

Monosaccharide

Monomer of a carbohydrate

Triglyceride

Polymer of a lipid

Fatty acid

monomer of a lipid

Covalent bond

Strong bond by sharing an electron

Enzyme

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells

Substrate

The molecule that binds to an active site on an enzyme

Active site

The area that the substrate binds to on the enzyme

Activation energy

Minimum energy to start a chemical reaction

Ionic Bond

Electrons transferred from one atom to another