Adv. World History: The Age of Revolutions and Rebellions (1/3 of unit terms(for quiz))

Scientific Revolution

a big change in europeans' thought; they began questioning widely believed theories (the age of exploration showed some europeans that they could be wrong so they wanted to fact check the theories)

Geocentric Theory

Earth is the center of the Universe

Heliocentric theory

Sun is the center of the universe

Nicolaus Copernicus

made the heliocentric theory, published it in the last year of his life because he knew his ideas would be rejected

Scientific Method

scientific procedures used to solve problems and answer questions



1. state problem
2. form hypothesis
3. experiment
4. get data
5. make conclusion

Galileo Gallilei

made the first telescope (saw that jupiter had 4 moons, the sun had dark spots, and the earth's surface was bumpy) wrote a book about geo + heliocentric theories, proved copernicus right

11642, put on trial by pope, was forced to say he was wrong

in 1992 the church said he was right

Johannes Kepler

used math to prove copernicus right; mathematician

Isaac Newton

"discovered" gravity

thought: all objects received the same force and that the universe was a clock set into motion by god

also did the 3 laws of motion

Absolutism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator and no rights are protected

Divine Right

royalty is given divine sanction to rule; god created the monarchy and chose the monarchs

Louis XIV

This French king ruled for the longest time ever in Europe. Weaked the power of nobles and made them build him a palace, which gave more power to his intendants. He issued several economic policies and costly wars

Ivan the Terrible (IV)

started his rule off strong, won many victories and ruled russia fairly
he turned against his boyars and made a separate police force to target the boyars; accidentally killed his oldest son

Peter the Great

took control after Ivan IV

increased czar's power, expanded westward to modernize russia (mainly the military, which cause a huge increase in taxes)

abolished the patriarch in chrage of the church, instead, made the holy synod to run the roman orthodox church

reduced power of homeowners, let lower-ranking families to get authority and land

Intendant

collect taxes and administer justice

Boyar

a landowning noble of Russia