Restorative Art I WK 5

Sulcus

A furrow, groove, or wrinkle.

Eminence

A raised area

Depression

A sunken area

Dimple

A shallow depression. Can be located on the cheeks (paired) or chin (unpaired).

Asymmetry

Factors Influencing Facial Markings

Heredity

Age

Environmental factors

Muscle action + striation

Body position (upright vs. supine)

Condition of the body

Natural Facial Markings

Are present at birth. There are 9 natural facial markings.

Philtrum

Nasolabial Fold

Nasal Sulcus

Oblique Palpebral Sulcus

Angulus Oris Eminence

Angulus Oris Sulcus

Labiomental Sulcus

Submental Furrow

Dimple

Philtrum

The vertical groove located medially on the superior lip, extending between the columna nasi and the superior margin of the upper red lip. It is caused by the Orbicularis Oris muscle.

Nasolabial Fold

The fold of the cheek located anterior and adjacent to the mouth, extending from the superior part of the posterior margin of the wing of the nose to the side of the mouth. It is created by the Zygomaticus major and Levator anguli oris muscles.

Nasal Sulcus

The angular area between the posterior margin of the wing of the nose and the Nasolabial Fold. It is created by the wing of the nose and the elevation of the cheek.

Oblique Palpebral Sulcus

The shallow, curving groove below the medial corner of the eyelids, following the inferior bony margin of the orbit and terminating indefinitely below the middle of the eye.

Angulus Oris Eminence

The small, convex prominence, lateral to the ends of the line of closure of the mouth, located to the outer side and slightly above the corner of the mouth. It is created by the Zygomaticus major, Buccinator, and Depressor anguli oris muscles.

Angulus Oris Sulcus

The groove at each end of the line of closure of the mouth, which tends to be a triangular depression in youth.

Labiomental Sulcus

The junction of the inferior lip and top of the chin, which may appear as a furrow. It is partly created by the mentalis muscle and the incisive fossa of the mandible.

Submental Furrow

The junction at the base of the chin and submandibular area, which may appear as a furrow and create a double chin. It is also known as the submental sulcus.

Acquired Facial Markings

Develop during one's lifetime, primarily due to repeated muscle use. There are 11 acquired facial markings.

Nasolabial Sulcus

Transverse Frontal Sulci

Interciliary Sulci

Optic Facial Sulci

Superior Palpebral Sulcus

Inferior Palpebral Sulcus

Orbital Pouch

Bucco-Facial Sulcus

Mandibular Sulcus

Labial Sulci

Platysmal Sulci

Cords of the Neck

Nasolabial Sulcus

The furrow originating at the superior border of the wing of the nose and extending to the side of the mouth. It is created by the Quadratus Labii Superioris muscle group.

Transverse Frontal Sulci

Horizontal furrows of the forehead, which may be continuous or broken. They are created by the Occipitofrontalis muscle.

Interciliary Sulci

The vertical or transverse furrows between the eyebrows. Vertical interciliary sulci are caused by the Corrugator muscle, and transverse interciliary sulci are caused by the Procerus muscle.

Optic Facial Sulci

The furrows radiating from the lateral corners of the eyes, caused by the orbicularis oculi muscle. They are also known as crow's feet.

Superior Palpebral Sulcus

The furrow on the superior border of the upper eyelid, which defines the attached margin of the upper eyelid.

Inferior Palpebral Sulcus

The furrow of the inferior border of the inferior eyelid, which may define the attached border of the lower eyelid.

Orbital Pouch

The fullness between the inferior palpebrae and the oblique palpebral sulcus, also known as bags under the eyes.(Infraorbital Pouch)

Bucco-Facial Sulcus

Vertical furrow of the lateral cheek. They are created by the Buccinator and Platysma muscles.

Mandibular Sulcus

The furrow beneath the jaw line that rises vertically on the cheek. Multiple forms are termed a "serrated jawline". It is created by the Platysma muscle.

Labial Sulci

The vertical furrows of the lip, extending from within the mucous membranes into the integumentary lip, also known as the furrows of age.

Platysmal Sulci

The transverse (horizontal), dipping furrow of the neck, created by the Platysma muscle.

Cords of the Neck

Vertical prominences of the neck, created by the Digastric muscle.