psychoanalytic therapy

sigmund freud background

laid the foundation for psychology, first born in a viennese family of 3 boys and 5 girls, father was very authoritarian which led him to be aggressive, had many different interests but career choices were limited due to jewish background

sigmund freud

gained insights into the dynamics of personality development by exploring his own dreams, during early 40s had numerous psychosomatic disorders and excessive fear of dying and other phobias, 3 types of anxiety (moral, neurotic, and reality)

reality anxiety

fear of danger from the external world, conscious

neurotic anxiety

fear that instincts will get out of hand and cause the person to do something for which they will be punished, unconscious

moral anxiety

fear of one's own conscious

psychoanalytic therapy

the freudian view of human nature is basically deterministic (irrational fears, unconscious motivations, instinct), instincts are central to the freudian approach, life instincts, death instincts

life instincts

serve the purpose of the survival of the individual and the human race, when we think outside the box

death instincts

simply represent the aggressive drive

personality structure of the psychoanalytic therapy

the id, the ego, the superego, conscious vs unconscious

the id

the pleasure principle, irrational, illogical, immoral, basic system of personality, at birth we are all id

the ego

the reality principle, we want a strong ego, executive, tries to resolve conflict

the superego

the moral principle, most advanced, deal with irrational guilt

conscious

being aware of whats happening internally and externally

unconscious

a tank full of thoughts feelings and emotions that you aren't aware of, pay attention to verbal and nonverbal

the psychosexual stages of the first 6 years of life

oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage

oral stage

birth to 1st year, inability to trust oneself and others, resulting in the fear of loving and forming relationships, can form indecisiveness, erickson: trust vs mistrust

anal stage

age 1-3, denial of ones own power, lack of autonomy, inability to recognize and express negative feelings (anger), erickson: autonomy vs shame and doubt

phallic stage

age 3-6, inability to fully accept one's sexuality and sexual feelings, difficulty in accepting oneself as a women or man, erickson: initiative vs guilt

psychoanalytic therapeutic goals

ultimate goal is to increase adaptive functioning, two main goals: making the unconscious conscious, strengthening the ego so that individuals behaviors may become based more on reality and less on instincts or irrational guilt

adaptive functioning

represents the reduction of symptoms and the resolution of conflicts ( conflict between id and superego)

psychoanalytic therapist roles

in classical psychoanalysis therapists avoid self disclose and maintain a sense of neutrality (blank screen approach), process of therapy is like putting the pieces of puzzle together, establishing a treatment alliance is a primary goal of the therapist, repairing any damaged alliance is essential if therapy is to progress

relationship between the psychoanalytic therapist and client

transference, countertransference

transference

client putting their feelings onto the therapist, how to respond: address it, projection

countertransference

therapist respond in irrational ways and share their feelings, how to respond: counselor seek supervision

psychoanalytic therapeutic techniques and procedures

free association, interpretation, dream analysis, analysis and interpretation of resistance, analysis and interpretation of transference

free association

first thing that comes to mind when asked a prompt, quick

interpretation

therapist points out things that they notice

dream analysis

manifest content( dream as it appears to dreamer), latent content (counselor uses interpretation to figure out the unconscious parts of dream)

dream work

connecting manifest and latent content