Overview - Releasing goldfish into the wild can mess up ecosystems

released from captivity into …: được thả ra khỏi môi trường nuôi nhốt vào …

when released from captivity into freshwater habitats

captivity (n) the situation in which a person or animal is kept somewhere and is not allowed to leave

when released from captivity into freshwater habitats

disruption (n) sự gián đoạn

can trigger severe ecological disruption and accelerate the collapse of lake ecosystems

be essential to (adj.phr): thiết yếu đối với

which are essential to the broader aquatic food web

exhibited (v) = showed = displayed

while native fish exhibited weakened body condition due to competition for resources

inherently resistant to (adj.phr): có khả năng chống lại một cách vốn có

few freshwater systems are inherently resistant to goldfish invasion

distinguish X from Y (v.phr): phân biệt X với Y

The researchers further distinguished impacts caused specifically by goldfish from those resulting merely from increased fish density

stemmed from (phr.v): to be caused by sbd/sth

concluding that the most serious degradation stemmed directly from goldfish presence

degradation (n) sự suy thoái

concluding that the most serious degradation stemmed directly from goldfish presence

crossed into (phr.v) typically transitioning into a new phase (rơi vào / chuyển sang)

Once such ecosystems crossed into this degraded state, reversal proved both difficult and costly

underscoring = highlighting = emphasizing (v)

underscoring the importance of public awareness regarding the ecological risks of releasing pet fish into the wild