mus195 final exam

A-Tisket A-Tasket by Ella Fitzgerald

A-Tisket A-Tasket by Ella Fitzgerald

Swing era

In the Mood by Glen Miller

Swing era

Swing Musicians

Glen Miller, Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway, Benny Goodman, Fletcher Henderson

Swing Band

Big Band, Sections of instruments

Swing Musical Elements

Upbeat and fast tempo, More composed, Simple music

Other Swing Information

Singable, Made for dancing, Commercialized

Boplicity by Miles Davis

Cool era

Cool Musicians

Miles Davis, Gerry Mulligan, Dave Brubeck, Paul Desmond

Cool Band Size

Ensembles of 3-9 members

Cool Musical Elements

No standard instrumentation, Slower tempos, Similar improvisation to Dixieland, Melodic lines worked over top of each other, Broke away from standard time signatures, Played on the Middle range of their instruments

Cool Instruments

New instruments like the Tuba, French Horn, Strings, Sax

Livery Stable Blues by Original Dixieland Jazz Band

Dixieland era

Tiger Rag by Original Dixieland Jazz Band

Dixieland era

Dixieland Musicians

Original Dixieland Jazz Band, Jelly Roll Morton, Sidney Bechet, New Orleans Rhythm Kings, Louis Armstrong

Dixieland Musical Elements

Trumpet plays Melody, Clarinet plays Arpeggios and Counter melody, Trombones tailgate and play chord tones. Lines were improvised but the instruments had set roles to fill.

Dixieland Instruments

Frontline players (Trumpet, Trombone, Clarinet), Rhythm section (Banjo, Tuba, and Drums)

Other Dixieland Information

Came out of marching bands in New Orleans

Anthropology by Charlie Parker

Bebop era

Tempus Fugit by Bud Powell

Bebop era

Bebop Musicians

Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie "Bird" Parker, Max Roach, Bud Powell, Thelonious monk

Bebop Musical Elements

Fast pace, Chord extensions/substitutions, Making swing more complex

Bebop Instruments

Trumpet, Alto Sax, Rhythm Section (Piano, Drums, and Bass)

Other Bebop Information

Musicians were tired of commercialization and wanted jazz to be seen as an art

Sandu by Clifford Brown & Max Roach Quintet

Hardbop era

Hardbop Musicians

Charles Mingus, Clifford Brown, John Coltrane, Art Blakey, Horace Silver

Hardbop Musical Elements

Return jazz to its roots (Head Solo Head), "Earthier" style of music, Blues and church music heavy, Tempo much slower than Bebop, Highly rhythmic melody, Return to Individual improvisation

Hardbop Instruments

Tenor Sax, Trumpet, Rhythm Section

Frenesi by Gerry Mulligan Quartet

Cool era

Are You Real by Art Blakey

Hardbop era