Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities

This set of flashcards covers key terms and definitions related to neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disabilities, including their characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and common comorbidities.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

A group of conditions with onset in the developmental period characterized by developmental deficits that produce impairments in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning.

Intellectual Disability (ID)

Deficits in general mental abilities that result in impairments of adaptive functioning, beginning before age 18.

Adaptive Functioning

Skills required to adapt to everyday life, including communication, social participation, and independent living.

Severity Levels of ID

Classified as Mild, Moderate, Severe, or Profound based on the individual's adaptive functioning and intellectual skills.

Communication Disorders

Disorders that affect the ability to communicate effectively, often co-occurring with intellectual disability.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication difficulties and restricted or repetitive behaviors, often associated with intellectual disability.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Global Developmental Delay

Diagnosed when an individual fails to meet expected developmental milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning.

Diagnostic Criteria for Intellectual Disability

Three criteria must be met: deficits in intellectual functions, deficits in adaptive functioning, and onset during the developmental period.

Comorbidity

The occurrence of two or more disorders in the same individual, such as intellectual disability with depression or anxiety.