U4 anatomy - thorax

thorax

houses and protects heart/lungs

open/narrow superior thoracic aperture

closed/wider inferior thoracic aperture

axillary inlet

lies on each side of superior thoracic aperture

borders: lateral margin of rib 1, clavicle, superior margin of scapula

T4 and T5

separation of superior and inferior mediastinum is marked by the horizontal plane passing through the sternal angle and disc between

superior mediastinum

contains large vessels of heart, trachea

inferior mediastinum

divided into anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum

anterior mediastinum

between sternum and pericardium

#2

middle mediastinum

between heart and pericardium

posterior mediastinum

between between pericardium and thoracic vertebrae

#4

thoracic wall

formed posteriorly by 12 thoracic vertebrae and IV discs

formed laterally by ribs and intercostals

formed anteriorly by sternum

ribs

-terminate anteriorly with costal cartilages

-articular with vertebral column posteriorly

true ribs

ribs 1-7

articulate directly with their own costal cartilage

false ribs

ribs 8-12

do not have own costal cartilage articulating with sternum

floating ribs

ribs 11-12 have no anterior attachment to sternum

head of rib

posterior

superior articular facet of rib

inferior articular facet of rib

tubercle

articulates with vertebral transverse costal facet

angle

connects neck to body of rib

rib 1

head of rib articulates only with body of T1

has scalene tubercle

groove for subclavian vein

anterior rib

groove for subclavian artery

ribs 11/12

short, pointed anteriorly, no tubercle, no neck, articulate with facets on bodies of own vertebrae

puny ribs, little

rib articulation

ribs 2-9 articulate in 3 places

-head of 2 with body of vertebrae of T2

-head of 2 with body of vertebrae of T1

-tubercle of ribs 2 with transverse process of T2

rib 10

-single facet on head

-head of rib 10 articulates with body T10

-has a tubercle

-only 1 articular surface

manubrium

body of sternum

xiphoid process

jugular notch

clavicular notch

sternal angle

body and sternum

costal cartilage of rib 1 articulates with manubrium

costal cartilages of rib 2 articulates with manubrium and ____________

rib 7

costal cartilage articulates with body of sternum and xiphoid process

ribs 3-6

costal cartilages of these articulate with body of sternum