History Final Exam

Alexander Graham Bell

inventor of the telephone

Andrew Carnegie

steel entrepreneur

James Buchanan Duke

tobacco entrepreneur

Thomas Alva Edison

• America’s most prolific inventor

• major inventor in the electricity industry

Samuel Grompers

leader of the AFL (American Federation of Labor)

J.P. Morgan

banking and finance entrepreneur

John D. Rockerfeller

oil refining entrepreneur

Cornelius Vanderbilt

shipping entrepreneur

Emilio Aguinaldo

Philippine revolutionary

Sitting Bull

political leader of the Sioux

George Armstrong Custer

lost his life at the battle of Little Bighorn (cavalry commander)

George Dewey

defeated the Spanish Navy in the Philippines

Crazy Horse

military leader of the Sioux

Joseph

• called the Indian Napoleon

• chief of Nez Perce Indians

Enrique Dupuy de Lome

wrote a letter in which he insulted president McKinley

Maximilian I

puppet emperor of Mexico

Matthew Perry

• not welcome in Japan
• negotiated a treaty with them

Susan B. Anthony

crusader for women’s suffrage

Joseph Cannon

dictatorial speaker of the house

Eugene Debs

leading socialist leader

John Dewey

advocate for progressive education

W.E.B. DuBois

black co-founder of the NAACP

Robert La Follete

gov. of Wisconsin who came up with the idea of Laboratory of Democracy

Walter Rauschenbusch

advocate of the Social Gospel

Billy Sunday

urban evangelist

Benjamin Warfield

defender of Orthodox Christianity

Booker T. Washington

conservative author of “Up From Slavery”

William Jennings Bryan

resigned as Secretery of State under Wilson in protest of his policies

Porfirio Diaz

dictator of Mexico from 1876 - 1911

Herbert Hoover

helped lead relief efforts to those displaces in Europe from the War

Victoriano Huerta

• military commander who murdered the successor to Porfirio Diaz

• had one of the most grotesque tyrannies in Mexican history

Henry Cabot Lodge

U.S. Senator who opposed the Treaty of Versailles

John J. Pershing

• called Blackjack

• American general who led black U.S. troops in WW1

Pancho Villa

• Mexican bandit leader who raided a New Mexico border town (Colombus)

• killed over a dozen Americans

Wilhelm II

German ruler who drew England into WW1 by invading Belgium

Woodrow Wilson

declared the world must be made safe for democracy

Alvin C. York

Christian who won the Medal of Honor in New York for WW1

William Jennings Bryan

defended the Bible against evolution

Al Capone

King of Chicago’s underworld

Calvin Coolidge

• “the business of America is business”
• remained popular throughout his entire administration

Sigmund Freud

Austrian psychologist

Albert Einstein

developed the Theory of Relativity

Warren G. Harding

• looked presidential
• head of a political group called the Ohio Gang
• administration marred by corruption
• campaign promised a return to normalcy

Herbert Hoover

• presidency most associated with the Great Depression (started under his presidency)

• admin of food administration

Charles A. Lindbergh Jr.

took the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic

John T. Scopes

teacher convicted of teaching evolution

Al Smith

• Roman Catholic Presidential candidate for the Democrats

• main issue was overturing prohibition

Charles Coughlin

Roman Catholic priest who wanted to replace capitalism with Social Justice

Herbert Hoover

“a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage”

Huey Long

Louisiana senator and former governor who had a “share-our-wealth” scheme

Franklin Roosevelt

campaign song was “happy days are here again”

Francis Townsend

proposed a 2% national sales tax to pay for old age pensions

Neville Chamberlain

champion of appeasement

Winston Churchill

British prime minister

Dwight Eisenhower

supreme allied commander in Europe

Adolf Hitler

dictator of Nazi Germany

Benito Mussolini

dictator of fascist Italy

Franklin Roosevelt

U.S. President during most of WW2

Joseph Stalin

Communist Dictator of the Soviet Union

Hideki Tojo

military head of Japan

Harry Truman

U.S. President at the close of WW2

Wendell Willkie

Republican candidate for president of 1940

Fidel Castro

Communist leader of Cuba

Ngo Dinh Diem

anti-Communist leader of South Vietnam

Dwight Eisenhower

Republican who advocated for Dynamic Conservatism

Chiang Kai-shek

Nationalist leader of China

John Kennedy

Democrat who advocated for the New Frontier

Douglas MacArthur

commander of the UN military forces during the Korean War

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader of North Vietnam

Richard Nixon

Conservative Republican who attacked Communism

Harry Truman

Democrat who advocated for the Fair Deal

Mao Zedong

Communist leader of China