Paper 2: Shaping the Nation (Power and the People and Elizabethan England)

1348

When the Black Death came to England

1265

Simon de Monfort's goverment is called in

Robert Hales

Royal Treasurer executed by peasants

Excommunication

Religious punishment used by Pope against John

Magma Carta

Name given to the above list of demands, also known as the Great Charter

Baron

Name given to the rebellions John faced from leading noblemen

Prince Louis

French prince invited to England to claim the throne by John's barons

1216

King John dies

Simon of Sudbury

Archbishop of Canterbury executed by the peasants

King Edward

Son and heir of Henry III who defeated the rebel barons in 1695

John of Gaunt

Uncle of the King during the peasants revolt - his palace was looted by them

Charter of Liberties

Issed by Henry I in the 1100AD

Papal Fief

Piece of land granted to the Pope - John gave England

Interdict

Exclusion from Church services

Battle of Evasham

Name of 2nd battle fought by Henry III, victorious and reclaimed the throne

King John

Monarch who faced revolts and forced to sign Magna Carta

Wat Tyler

Leader of the Peasants Revolt

Simon de Montfort

Leading baron who arrived back in England in 1230 to reclaim his land

Serfdom

Died out by 1450 as a result of the Peasants Revolt

John Ball

Radical priest who stirred up rebellion amongst the peasants

Arthur

Nephew of John - murdered suspiciously

Lachland

One nickname earned by John due to his military losses

Scutage

Hated and corrupt taxation collected 11 times by John

Burgesses

Key term for the class of people invited by Simon to secure his power

John de Laay

Baron forced to pay 7000 marks to inherit his own father's land

1214

King John's final big assault on France - failed

1215

Magna Carter signed

Innocent II

Pope who clashed with King John

Stephen Langton

Archbishop of Canterbury denied his position by John

Forest Charter

2nd charter (related to woodland) passed by the barons who rules whilst Henry was a child

King John

Monarch overthrown by his own leading barons for a year

Provisions of Oxford

List of demands by the barons against Henry III in Oxford - forced to sign these

Statute of Labourers

Law passed in 1351 restricting the wage of peasants

1351

Statute of Labourers

Poll Tax

Unpopular tax collected 3 times in rise up to Peasants Revolt - flat rate tax

Runnymede

Place where John was forced to sign a list of demands by barons

Great Council

The above charter established a group of 25 men known as the...

1215

Barons Revolt

William de Briouze

Baron was forced to pay a huge fine to reclaim his lands, and whose family died in captivity held hostage by John

Parliament

Name given to the parliament of 1295 by Edward, established its modern style principles

3 times

Number of times Magna Carta reissued by Henry III by 1225

Battle of Lewes

Name of first major battle fought by Henry III, defeated and captured

Richard II

Monarch who faced the Peasants Revolt

Castle and prison in London attacked by peasants - advisors were caught and killed here

The Black Death

Horrible disease which wiped out 33-50% of English population in 14th century

1230

Campaign to take by Gaxony and Brittany

Luisiginons

French family given positions of power in England by Henry III

Peter de Roches

Henry's Tutor

Vassalage

To owe services or loyalty to another person

Tide

10% Tax to the Church

1258

Provisions of Oxford are signed

1264

Battle of Lewes

Hundred Years War

War between France and Britain over territory

60,000 peasants

Part of Peasants Revolt

1533

Elizabeth is born

1547

Henry VIII dies

1553

Edward VI dies

1554

Wyatt's Rebellion

1558

Mary I dies and Elizabeth I becomes Queen

1559

Elizabeth's coronation

1562

Elizabeth contracts smallpox

1570

Pope excommunicates Elizabeth

1588

Spanish Armada

1597-1598

Tyrone's rebellion

1601

Essex rebellion

1603

Death of Elizabeth I

Elizabeth's mother

Anne Boleyn

Elizabeth's father

Henry VIII

Elizabeth's grandmother

Elizabeth of York

Elizabeth's grandfather

Henry VII

Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley

Protestant, chief advisor

Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex

A favourite of Elizabeth and executed for attempted treason

Sir Walter Raleigh

Protestant, had a royal charter to explore new land.

Sir Christopher Hatton

Protestant, organised progresses and good at dancing.

Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester

Puritan, love of Elizabeth's life.

Sir Francis Walsingham

Puritan, Elizabeth's secretary of state.

Roger Ascham

Elizabeth's Tutor

King Phillip II of Spain

Catholic, most powerful man in the world, Mary II husband.

Eric of Sweden

Protestant and poor.

Robert Dudley

Puritan, loved Elizabeth.

Francis, Duke of Anjou

Catholic, younger brother of French king.

Robert Devereux

War hero, executed for treason.

Roughly 500

Number of people who made up Elizabethan court

Progress

The queen's visits around the country during summer with royal court

Patronage

Granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support

Royal Veto

British right to nullify any legislation passed by the government

1599

Globe Theatre opened

1574

Statutes of Apparel

1597

First Elizabethan Poor Law

1601

Second Elizabethan Poor Law

1577

Drake's voyage around the world began

1580

Drake's voyage around the world ended

Sir Francis Drake

Most successful English explorer/pirate who circumnavigated the globe from 1577 to 1580.

Sir Walter Raleigh

An English adventurer who colonised Virginia and Jamestown.

Martin Frobisher

An English explorer who searched for the Northwest Passage.

James Lancaster

Founding member of the BEIC.

John Hawkins

Elizabethan explorer, deeply involved in slave trade.

Shakespeare

A popular English playwright and poet in the 16th century.

Christopher Marlowe

Second most famous Elizabethan playwright.

John Foxe

Wrote the Book of Martyrs.