C1 - Group 7 Halogens (part2)

What is another name for Group 7 elements?

The halogens

What type of elements are halogens?

Non-metals

How many electrons do halogens have in their outer energy level?

Seven

What type of compound do halogens form when they react with non-metals

Covalent compounds

What happens to electrons when a halogen reacts with a non-metals

The atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds

What type of bond is formed between a halogen and a non-metal

Covalent bond

What is the name of the compound formed when hydrogen reacts with chlorine?

Hydrogen chloride

Why do hydrogen and chlorine form a covalent bond?

Both need one electron to achieve a full outer energy level

How is a covalent bond shown in diagrams?

As a stick or line between atoms

Do all halogens form covalent compounds with non-metals

Yes

What type of compound is formed when a halogen reacts with a metal?

Ionic compound

What happens to the halogen atom during a reaction with a metal?

It gains one electron from the metal

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost electrons and now has an overall charge

What is the charge on halide ions (Group 7 ions)?

-1

Why does a halogen atom form a 1 ion when reacting with a metal?

Because it gains one electron

What happens to a chlorine atom when it gains one electron?

It becomes a chloride ion with a -1 charge

Why is a chloride ion negatively charged?

It has more electrons (18) than protons (17)

What is the name of the ion formed when fluorine gains an electron?

Fluoride ion

What happens to the name of a halogen when it becomes an ion?

The ending changes to "-ide" (e.g. chlorine → chloride)

What is the ion formed when bromine reacts with a metal?

Bromide ion

Why do metals lose electrons when reacting with halogens?

To achieve a full outer energy level and form positive ions

Why do halogens gain electrons when reacting with metals?

To achieve a full outer energy level and form negative ions