Human Geo Unit 4 Political Geography (Chapter 8)

state

an established area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs

sovereignty

independence from control of its internal Affairs by other states

nation

Large group of people who are united by common cultural characteristics like language ethnicity or shared history

Nation- state

State whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular Nation

self-Determination

Concept that Nations have the right to govern themselves

to appease

To make a diplomatic policy that makes concessions to an aggressive power to avoid conflict, often at the expense of other principles

multinational state

State that contributes more than one nation

colony

Territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than being completely independent

colonialism

An effort by one country to establish settlements in a territory and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles

balance of power

A condition of roughly equal strength between opposing alliances

democracy

A country in which citizens elect leaders and can run for office

autocracy

A country un according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people

Anocracy

A country not fully democratic or autocratic but displays a mix of both types

Unitary state

State where most power is placed in the hands of the central government officials

federal state

strong power is allocated to units of local government

weapons of mass destruction

A nuclear, biological, chemical, or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans, man-made structures, natural resources, or the biosphere

terrorism

Threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by non-state actor to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion, or intimidation

frontier

zone where no state exercises complete political control

territorial Waters

Up to 12 nautical miles from a country’s shore, estate May set laws regulating passage by ships registered in other states

exclusive economic zone

Between 24 and 200 Nautical miles from a country’s Shore, a state has the sole right to the fish and other marine life

Contagious Zone

Between 12 and 24 nautical miles of a country's Shore, estate May enforce laws concerning pollution, taxation, customs, and immigration

compact State

Prorupted state

perforated state

elongated state

fragmented state

landlocked state

gerrymandering

cracking

packing