Arbeidspsychologie thema 1 deel 3

Stress occurs when there is:

high effort + low reward

Rewards include …

salary, esteem, job security and promotion opportunities.  

Examples of personal resources are …

self-efficacy, optimism, organizational-based self-esteem and resilience.

Personal resources influence …

motivation and well-being. 

JD-R is a … theory.  

dynamic

Job Crafting 

proactive changes employees make to their job demands and job resources.

Job crafting - Employees can:

• Seek social support; 

• Ask for feedback 

• Seek more challenging tasks; 

• Increase autonomy/development opportunities; 

• Reduce hindering demands 

This means that work design is not exclusively something that organizations impose on …

employees

Employees can also actively …

shape their own work. 

positive spiral

each cycle reinforces the next, leading to a continuously improving work environment, engagement and performance

positive spiral (onderdelen)

1. employee changes work

2. work resources increase

3. engagement increases

4. employee becomes proactive

5. more resources are mobilized

work resources increase

more estrutural and social resources become available

engagement increases

more resources lead to higher motivation, energy and work engagement

employee becomes more proactive

engaged employees feel more capable and motivated to take initiative and look for ways to improve their work environment e

more resources are mobilized

because of their proactive behavior, even more resources are obtained form the job and the environment

Job redesign

top-down (Organization changes the job )

Job crafting

bottom-up (Employee changes the job )

Job crafting can therefore create a …

feedback loop. 

interventions

• intervention level

• intervention target

intervention level

• individual

• organization

intervention target

• job resources

• personal resources

• job resources

• organization

job redesign

• personal resources

• organization

training

• individual

• job resources

job crafting

• individual

• personal resources

strengths-based

Theoretical framework ‘Psychology of Working Theory’ (PWT)

What conditions are necessary for people to experience work as decent and meaningful?

PWT emphasizes that people’s work experiences are not determined only by individual choices. They are also influenced by:  

• Economic conditions 

• Social inequality 

• Marginalization 

• Discrimination 

• Labor-market conditions 

• Organizational conditions 

Decent work

refers to basic working conditions that workers should be entitled to

Decent work refers to basic working conditions that workers should be entitled to. PWT identifies five components:  

1. Physically and interpersonally safe working conditions 

2. Hours that allow adequate rest and free time 

3. Organizational values compatible with family/social values 

4. Adequate compensation 

5. Access to adequate healthcare 

The important point is: decent work is a threshold, not necessarily an ideal job. It asks whether basic …

conditions for a decent working life are present.