Critical Thinking

Proposition

Statements that can be true or false.

Non-propositions

Not statements about matters of fact. They do not make a claim that can be true or false.

Exhort, commands, plea/requests, questions and performs are all ___.

Non-propositions

Arguments can only be constructed from __.

Propositions

The __ of an argument is the proposition that is providing reasons to show that another proposition, the conclusion, is true.

Premise

How many propositions does an argument require?

Two: a premise and a conclusion

Which propositions do not have an internal logic structure?

Simple

A __ is a proposition lending support to the conclusion.

Premise

Some common premise indicators:

Because, for, in that, given that, as, since

Bad inferential structure

The premise is true but it does not support the conclusion

What is an argument?

A set of propositions including premises and a conclusion.

An inference is __ if the premises do not guarantee the conclusion.

Inductive

An inference is ___ if they intend to guarantee the conclusion or make the conclusion certain

Deductive

Mathematical arguments, logical arguments and arguments from definition are ___.

Deductive arguments

Analogies, authority, casual inferences, scientific reasoning and extrapolations are ____.

Inductive arguments