Chapter 15 Musculoskeletal System Joints and Bones

articular cartilage

smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint

articulation

any type of joint

bursa

sac of fluid near a joint

ligament

fibrous connective bands binding bones to other bones

meniscus

crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure found in the knee

suture joint

immovable joint

synovial cavity

space between bones at a synovial joint

synovial fluid

viscous fluid within the synovial cavity

synovial joint

freely movable joint

synovial membrane

tissue lining the synovial cavity that secretes synovial fluid

tendon

fibrous connective bands that connect muscles to bone

ankyl/o

stiff

arthr/o and articul/

joint

burs/o

bursa

chondr/o

cartilage

ligament/o

ligament

rheumat/o

watery flow

synov/o

synovial membrane

ten/o and tendin/o

tendon

-desis

to bind, tie together

-stenosis

narrowing

abduction

movement away form the midline of body

adduction

movement toward midline of body

dorsiflexion

upper movement of the foot

extension

straightening of a flexed limb

fascia

fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

insertion of a muscle

connection of the muscle to a bone that moves

origin of a muscle

connection of the muscle to a stationary bone

plantar flexion

bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground

pronation

turning the palm downward

rotation

circular movement around a central point

skeletal muscle

muscle connected to bones; voluntary or striated muscle

smooth muscle

visceral muscle

striated muscle

skeletal muscle

supination

turning the palm upward

visceral muscle

muscle conneted to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle

fasci/o

fascia

fibr/o

fibrous

leiomy/o

smooth muscle

my/o

muscle

myocardi/o

heath muscle

myos/o

muscle

plant/o

sole of the foot

rhabdomy/o

skeletal muscle connected to bones

sarco

muscles and fleshrelated to muscle tissue

-asthenia

lack of strenght

-trophy

development, nourishment

ab-

away from

ad-

toward

dorsi-

back

poly-

many, much

ACL

anterior cruciate ligament of the knee

L1 to L5

lumbar vertebrae

NSAID

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

OA

osteoarthritis

ortho

orthopedics

OT

occupational therapy

PT

physical therapy

ROM

range of motion

T1 to T12

thoracic vertebrae