Gender socialisation

Who commits more crime in the UK?

In 2019, 95% of the prison population was male

Is there a significant gender difference across the world?

Heidensohn 1991 found across the world 80% of crimes were committed by men

How are gender roles learnt?

Through socialisation of norms and values of the society.

How does Sutherlands DA theory link to gender socialisation?

He argues that different patterns of socialisation experienced by boys and girls reinforces behaviour which encourages criminality in boys.

How does sex role theory explain criminality? Hagan et al 1979

Boys and girls are socialised differently. Girls socialised to conform and are more strictly supervised by parents with a higher risk of social dissaproval than boys.

What stops women from committing crime in adult hood?

Domestic restrictions such as childcare and house work, media reporting crimes such as rape making women fearful in public.

How does Bandura (1977) explain gender socialisation?

Social learning theory suggests children were more likely to imitate their gender behaviour from their parent e.g boys from fathers.

How does Cohen 1995 argue why men are more criminal?

Boys find it more difficult to access their father as a role model so as a result rebel againsts socialisation from their mother and pursue all masculine opportunities e.g all male peers, aggression and rule breaking

How does Pat carlen 1990 state crime is different for women?

Crimes committed by women are “crimes of the powerless“ as they are powerless in some way e.g poverty, dominance of male partners.

How is the rationale to crime different for women?

Women turn to crime as a rational choice to low pay, unemployment and poor standard of living making crime a rational alternative