Key terms chapter 40

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27 Terms

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Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs)

Weapons capable of causing large-scale destruction and loss of life

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9/11

Coordinated terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, targeting the World Trade Center and Pentagon.

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Al Qaeda

Islamist extremist group responsible for the 9/11 attacks

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Patriot Act

legislation expanding U.S. government surveillance and anti-terrorism powers

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Department of Homeland Security

Federal agency established post-9/11 to protect the U.S. from terrorism and emergencies.

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Guantanamo Detention Camp

U.S. military prison in Cuba for suspected terrorists

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Abu Ghraib Prison

Iraqi prison infamous for abuse and torture of detainees by U.S. military personnel.

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No Child Left Behind

Education law emphasizing standardized testing and accountability in schools.

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Hurricane Katrina

Devastating hurricane exposing weaknesses in U.S. disaster response systems.

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Economic stimulus package to combat the Great Recession.

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Affordable Care Act (ACA)

healthcare reform expanding insurance coverage and reducing costs.

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Dodd-Frank Act

financial reform law addressing the causes of the 2008 financial crisis.

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Tea Party

Conservative political movement advocating limited government and lower taxes.

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Occupy Wall Street

2011 protest movement against economic inequality and corporate influence.

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DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals)

Policy protecting undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children.

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Iran Nuclear Deal

Agreement limiting Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.

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Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

law reducing corporate and individual tax rates.

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John McCain

U.S. senator and 2008 Republican presidential candidate

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Sarah Palin

Former Alaska governor and 2008 Republican vice-presidential candidate.

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George W. Bush

43rd U.S. president, known for the Iraq War and response to 9/11.

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Richard Cheney

Vice president under George W. Bush

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Nancy Pelosi

First woman to serve as Speaker of the House.

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Barack Obama

44th U.S. president and first African American to hold the office.

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Joe Biden

U.S. president and former vice president under Barack Obama.

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Edward Snowden

Whistleblower who revealed global surveillance programs by the NSA.

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Donald Trump

U.S. president, known for his populist and controversial policies.

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Mike Pence

Vice president under Donald Trump and former governor of Indiana.