Strong & Weak Electrolytes

An electrolyte is

a solute that produces ions in solution.

An electrolyte solution is

a solution that conducts electricity.

Electricity is

the flow of charged species in response to the application of an electric field gradient.

Charge carriers of electricity through a metal=

electrons

Charge carriers of electricity through an electrolytic solution=

ions

A strong electrolyte is

a solute that dissolves almost completely to ions (soluble inorganic salts, and strong acids & bases).

A weak electrolyte is

a solute that only partially dissolves into ions (weak acids and bases).

Perchloric Acid

HClO₄, strong acid, (explosives and catalyst)

Nitric Acid

HNO₃, strong acid, use (explosives, fertilizers, dye, and glue)

Sulfuric Acid

H₂SO₄, strong acid, (explosives, fertilizers, dye, glue, and batteries)

Hydrochloric Acid

HCl, strong acid, (metal cleaning, food prep, ore refining, and stomach acid)

Phosphoric Acid

H₃PO₄, moderate acid, (fertilizer, plastics and rubber, and food preservatives)

Chloric Acid

HClO₃, moderate acid, (explosives)

Acetic Acid

HC₂H₃O₂, weak acid, (plastics and rubber, food preservation, and vinegar)

Hydrofluoric Acid

HF, weak acid, (metal cleaning, glass, and etching)

Carbonic Acid

H₂CO₃, weak acid, (soda water)

Hypochlorous Acid

HClO, weak acid, (soda water)

Boric Acid

H₃BO₃, weak acid, (eye wash)

Sodium Hydroxide

NaOH, strong base, names: lye, caustic soda, (soap, plastic, petrol refining)

Potassium Hydroxide

KOH, causic potash, (soap, cotton, electropainting)

Calcium Hydroxide

Ca(OH)₂, slaked lime (cement)

Sodium Bicarbonate

NaHCO₃, baking soda, (cooking, antiacid)

Magnesium Hydroxide

Mg(OH)₂, milk of magnesia, (antiacid)

Ammonium Hydroxide

NH₄OH, ammonia water, (detergent, fertilizer, fivers, explosives)

{NH₃(aq)}