PTA 160

What are the three ways to assess pain?

Numeric rating scale, Face scale, Visual analog scale.

What distinguishes acute illness from chronic illness?

Acute illness has a rapid onset and short duration; chronic illness includes permanent impairment and long-term management.

What is the definition of incidence in health terms?

The number of new cases of a condition in a specific period of time.

What is the definition of prevalence in health terms?

Measures all cases of a condition.

What is the definition of health?

A state of complete physical, mental, or social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

What are impairments in the context of ICF terminology?

Problems in body function or structure.

What are the benefits of exercise?

Increased cardiovascular capacity, reduced mortality, improved function, enhanced immune response, and more.

What are systemic effects of acute inflammation?

Fever, tachycardia, hypermetabolic state, and characteristic blood changes.

What symptoms might indicate an infection in the integumentary system?

Purulent drainage, skin rash, redness, joint swelling.

What is the incubation period in infection?

The time between the pathogen entering the host and the appearance of clinical symptoms.

What happens during the shock phase of dealing with illness?

A state of numbness, physical and emotional, marked by disbelief.

What are first, second, and third lines of defense in the immune system?

First: external defenses (skin); Second: inflammation; Third: immune response.

What are the characteristics of C. diff infection?

Damages and inflames the colon, causing diarrhea and colitis, often after antibiotics.

What are signs of a Grade 1 sprain?

Stretch/microtears; no joint laxity.

What is the treatment during the inflammation phase of healing?

Clean the wound, protect it, control pain and swelling.

What type of reaction is associated with hypersensitivity?

An exaggerated immune response to a substance.

What occurs in septic shock?

Cardiovascular collapse that may ensue due to infection.

What is a common treatment for autoimmune conditions?

Corticosteroids to suppress the immune response.

What is an example of direct contact transmission?

Kissing or skin-to-skin touching.

What are common symptoms in the cardiovascular system during infection?

Petechial lesions, tachycardia, hypotension.

What denotes chronic pain?

Ongoing discomfort lasting longer than three to six months.

What is the definition of a strain?

Overstraining of the myofibers due to excessive tensile force.