Chapter 1-3 ID Quiz Terms

Buddhism

• Reshaping Chinese art, philosophy, cultural and societal tradition

Ex: Buddhism monasteries became important elements in local economies, distributing food and providing basic education. Focused on practical issues and stable social order.

Equal-field system

-Ensures equitable distribution of land to avoid social problems according to land and family's needs

Ex: Contributed to the success of the early Tang dynasty, being one of the policies that explained its success.

Hangzhou

-Prosperous port city capital for the Sui and Song dynasty.

Ex: Southern terminus of The Grand Canal to Chang'an

neo-Confucianism

-Deep influence in Chinese society, influencing east Asian thought over a very long term

Ex: Neo-Confucian writing adapted to Buddhist and Confucian themes and became an officially recognized creed.

Porcelain

-A technological innovation that advanced Chinese trade networks

Ex: Graced tables of the wealthy and refined, being thought of as Chinaware and gaining a reputation as a luxury

Samurai

-Specialists in fighting, serving the lords and helping extend their authority.

Ex: In exchange for service, they were supported with food and labor of peasants, allowing devotion of themselves to other things

Uighurs

weegurz - Nomadic Turkic people that are powerful and have an army.

Uighurs demanded the right, after expulsing rebels, to sack Chang'an and Luo Yang.

al-Andalus

al-Andalus was the region in the Iberian peninsula that represented the prosperity of Islamic Spain. It illustrated the far-reaching effects of long-distance trade in the Abbasid era.

dar-al-Islam

Arabic term that means the "house of Islam", refers to lands under Islamic rule. Many lands of varied cultural background became part of this larger society.

jizya

A special head tax levied on those who did not convert to Islam. These were levied on conquered people who were allowed to observe their own religions.

madrassas

Institutions of higher education appearing, becoming established in the major cities of the Islamic world. These were to recruit literate and learned students with advanced knowledge in Islamic theology and law for administrative positions.

qadis

Learned officials that set moral standards in local communities and resolved disputes. They heard cases at law and rendered decisions based on the Quran and the Sharia.

Shia

The most important and enduring of all alternatives to the form of Islam, Sunni Islam. It originated as a party supporting the appointment of Ali and his descendants.

Sunni

An alternative to the form of Islam observed by the majority of Muslims, Sunni Islams.

ulama

People with religious knowledge. They were pious scholars who sought to develop public policy in accordance with the Quran and Sharia.

Bhakti movement

Caste system

dhows and junks

Emporia

Srivijaya

Melaka

Sultanate of Delhi

monsoons