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Sheikh

Ruler of Arabic tribe

Allah

Arabic for god

Quran

Holy scriptures of Islam

Muslim

A person who believes in islam

Hijrah

A journey of Muhammad which became year 1 of the official calender of islam

Medina

City of the prophet

Muhammad

Founder or creator of Muslim

Hajj

A pilgrimage to makkah

Shariah

A law code drawn up by Muslim teachers

Caliph

A successor of muhammad as a temporal leader

Jihad

Struggle in the way of god

Caliphate

The office of caliph

Shia

Only accepts Muhammad’s family to be ruler.

Sunni

A group that only accepts descendants of umayyad to rule.

Vizier

High government official in ancient egypt

Sultan

Holder of power

Bazaar

Covered market in islamic cities

Dowry

A gift of money paid at marriage

Astroblabe

A instrument use by sailors to tell their location

Arabesque

A pattern repeated to cover a surface

Minaret

A tower where people pray five times a day

Muezzin

A crier from the minaret

Muawiyah

Governor of assyria

Abu bakr

A wealthy merchant. And muhammad’s father-in-law/ leader

Bedouin

Arab people and their children

Battle of yarmuk

A fight between byzantine and rashidun caliphate near a river in the jordan valley

Abbasid calips

Arab rulers, who held the title of Caliph

Women in islam

Viewed as equal to men