The Canonical Author and Philippine National Artists

This set of flashcards covers the definitions of literary canon and the key achievements, awards, and notable works of Philippine National Artists for Literature.

What does the term "canon" refer to in literature?

A collection of works considered authoritative, influential, or essential, representing a ‘gold standard’ of classics highly valued for historical and cultural significance.

Which National Artist is recognized as one of the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English and pioneered its development as a lyrical prose-poetic form?

Francisco Arcellana

What is the notable short story by Francisco Arcellana published in 1963?

The Flowers of May

By what pen name is the poet, literary historian, and critic Virgilio S. Almario known?

Rio Alma

Who revived and reinvented traditional Filipino poetic forms and served as the author of the UP Diksiyonaryong Filipino?

Virgilio S. Almario

Which 2014 National Artist for Literature wrote the epic trilogy titled The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus (2001)?

Cirilo F. Bautista

Which National Artist was the first Filipino correspondent for the United Press Institute and the first recipient of the National Artist for Historical Literature award?

Carlos Quirino

What was the name of the organization established by Lazaro Francisco in 1958 to advocate for Tagalog as a national language?

Kapatiran ng mga Alagad ng Wikang Pilipino (KAWIKA)

Which novelist is known as the "Master of the Tagalog novel" and developed the social realist tradition in Philippine fiction?

Lazaro Francisco

What innovative rhyme scheme and poetic form did Jose Garcia Villa introduce to literature?

The reversed consonance rhyme scheme and "comma poems"

What pen name did Jose Garcia Villa use, representing a combination of three animals?

Doveglion (Dove, Eagle, Lion)

Who founded and directed the Silliman National Writers Workshop in Dumaguete City along with her husband Edilberto K. Tiempo?

Edith L. Tiempo

Which National Artist was the first Asian president of the United Nations General Assembly and won a Pulitzer Prize in Journalism?

Carlos P. Romulo

Which National Artist is considered the country’s best writer of comic short stories and wrote "My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken"?

Alejandro R. Roces

What type of poetry did Bienvenido Lumbera introduce to Tagalog literature, characterized by the use of vernacular language and everyday speech patterns?

Bagay Poetry

Which National Artist is known as the ‘Edgar Allan Poe’ of the Philippines and was a poet, librettist, and scholar?

Bienvenido Lumbera

What five-novel series by F. Sionil Jose spans three centuries of Philippine history and has been translated into 22 languages?

Rosales Saga

Which National Artist wrote The Woman Who Had Two Navels and has the style of his English writing described as "Joaquinesque"?

Nick Joaquin

Which novelist and labor leader wrote Luha ng Buwaya (Crocodile Tears) while imprisoned?

Amado V. Hernandez

Which National Artist articulated the Filipino spirit in rural and urban landscapes and wrote The Winds of April (1941)?

N.V.M. (Nestor Vicente Madali) Gonzalez