Biomolecules

Biomolecules

the major large (macromolecules) molecules found in living cells that are formed by polymerization (large compounds built by joining smaller ones together) made with carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus and sulfur.

4 Groups of Organic Biomolecules

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Monomer

molecular subunit of a polymer

Polymer

carbon-based molecule formed by monomers

Carbohydrate

major source of energy for the human body

Lipids

macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes

Proteins

needed by the body for growth, repair, and to make up enzymes, a long chain of amino acids

Amino Acid

molecule that make up proteins

Nucleic Acids

complex organic substance present in living cells (DNA and RNA)

Disaccharide

two monosaccharides linked together by a covalent bond (ie-lactose, a sugar in milk)

Polysaccharide

large macromolecule formed monosaccharides (many sugars)

Starch

a complex carbohydrate that stores extra sugar for living things

Carbohydrate

Ring shaped biomolecule

Lipid

This type of biomolecule can be very large, chain-like structures

Nucleic acids

Serves as information storage for living things

Protein

The most abundant class of molecules in living things

Lipid

Structural components of cell membrane

Lipid

Examples of this biomolecule include: hormones, cholesterol and chlorophyll

Carbohydrate (cellulose)

Plants use this biomolecule for the structure of the cell wall.

Protein

This biomolecule make up the structural components of hair, skin, nails, horns,s feathers, and muscle

Protein

This biomolecule can have all of the CHNOPS elements in some of them.

Carbohydrate

Contains C, H, and O only