Exam 2 Space Place Location

The Green Revolution is largely responsible for all of the following EXCEPT:
A. A rise in genetic diversity in crops
B. Damage in wildlife(especially birds)
C. Increases in the amount of food produced
D. Increased use of water

A. A rise in genetic diversity in crops

Which of the following is NOT true about Green Revolution crops?
A. They produce more food per acre than traditional crops
B. They required more fertilizers. and pesticides than traditional crops.
C. They provide more agricultural jobs for rural people.
D. They are associated with the consolidation of smaller farms into larger ones.

C. They provide more agricultural jobs for rural people.

In the film T-Shirt Travels, the term "economic colonialism" is used to describe
A. Relationships of debt and obligation between nations in the Global South, like Zambia, and financial institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
B. A historical period of exploitation that was overcome in the 1990s by Zambian entrepreneurs
C. The dominance of American clothing manufacturers like Nike and Adidas of markets in Asia

A. Relationships of debt and obligation between nations in the Global South, like Zambia, and financial institutions like the IMF and World Bank.

Which of the following is NOT true about economic colonialism?
A. Economic colonialism attempts to force local economies to operate under the rules of another economy
B. Economic colonialism funnels capital form colonized space to colonial homeland.
C. Economic colonialism is achieved primarily through the threat of physical (military) violence

C. Economic colonialism is achieved primarily through the threat of physical (military) violence

Many developing societies lack access to nutritious food, like vitamin A. Which of the following is NOT a historical reason for this shortage?
A. Colonial practices shifted agriculture toward cash crops instead of nutritious ones
B. Participation in the labor force by women reduces protracted infant nursing
C. Large-scale plantations restrict access to farmland and game areas
D. These are all historical factors that have led to malnutrition

D. These are all historical factors that have led to malnutrition

In Ivan Illich's essay, he criticizes "do-gooders" who do development work in the Global South. His argument against the presence of these volunteers is:
A. Us volunteers are mean and lazy
B. US volunteerism is rooted in beliefs about the "American Way of Life" that ignores other cultural contexts or belief systems
C. US volunteerism abroad ignores the real and rapidly increasing problems of inequality at home in the US
D. B & C
E. All of the above

D. B & C

Sharp Increased in the use of pesticides
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

C. The Green Revolution

Dramatic(3-fold) increase in the use of water resources
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

C. The Green Revolution

Development isn't linear. Global economic relationships interfere with the "natural" progression of economies.
A. Modernization Theory
B. Dependency Theory
C. Neoliberalism
D. Sustainable Development

B. Dependency Theory

Industrialization of agriculture in the 19th century had little or no effect on urban economies
A. True
B. False

B. False

Despite the criticisms of Green Revolution techniques, these techniques have ended food shortages in some places around the world.
A. True
B. False

A. True

Which is NOT true about agricultural production in the US?
A. Farming of staple crops like corn is highly profitable, even without federal subsidies.
B. Farming has become increasingly mechanized over the last one-hundred fifty years
C. The average American farm has grown in size.
D. Farmlands have gradually emptied out as people have moved to cities.

A. Farming of staple crops like corn is highly profitable, even without federal subsidies.

Neoliberal policies in the US have made agricultural subsidies illegal
A. True
B. False

B. False

The demise of the banana variety known as Gros Michel(following exposure to a fungal disease) is a cautionary tale about which of the following:
A. Ecosystems with too much biodiversity
B. The perils of direct genetic modification
C. Malnutrition associated with the green revolution
D. Homogenization of agriculture

D. Homogenization of agriculture

The film T-Shirt Travels examines the problematic relationship between:
A. Philanthropic cash donations from wealthy Americans and capitalism
B. Clothing and gender norms
C. Colonialism and debt

C. Colonialism and debt

World Systems Theory posits that there are Core Countries and Periphery Countries as well as Semi-Periphery Countries. Mexico is considered Semi-Periphery because:
A. Mexico exports raw materials, supplies cheap labor, and produces high-profit consumption goods
B. Mexico is low on the Gross National Income indicator but high on the Human Development Index
C. Mexico has protected environmental areas as well as high levels of tourism
D. Mexico scores high on the Dependency Index but low on the Happy Planet Index

A. Mexico exports raw materials, supplies cheap labor, and produces high-profit consumption goods

What is being adjusted in Structural Adjustment Programs?
A. Bridges and other forms of infrastructure are rebuilt or repaired to adjust distribution networks for post-industrial economies
B. Environmental policy is adjusted to prevent polluters (especially energy problems) from spoiling the atmosphere.
C. Economic systems, and especially regulatory policies are adjusted so that there are fewer barriers to trade.
D. Social security, "welfare", and other forms of government support are adjusted to create more equal distribution of wealth in a society

C. Economic systems, and especially regulatory policies are adjusted so that there are fewer barriers to trade.

Which of the following are features of colonialism?
A. Dominance of one society over another society
B. Political, economic, and ideological control of a territory and people by an invading group
C. Military control of a territory and people by an invading group
D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following has been a critique of the Demographic Transition Model?
A. It is based on a Eurocentric view of the world
B. It places the burden of "development" on wealthy societies
C. It doesn't give enough weight to technological innovation as a driver of demographic change
D. It doesn't reflect the actual histories of the US and Western Europe

A. It is based on a Eurocentric view of the world

Novel crops like pesticide-resistant corn and beta carotene-producing rice
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

D. Direct GMO

Hand-broadcasting of seeds
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

A. pre-modern agriculture

Mechanization of agricultural activities (planting seeds, preparing soils, etc.)
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

B. Industrial agriculture

Incorporation of genes from non-plant sources (this one should be obvious)
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

D. Direct GMO

First widespread use of fertilizer that WASNT derived from animal waste
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

D. Direct GMO

Hybridization of Seeds
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

C. The Green Revolution

Generational selection of seeds based on phenotypic traits (one of two answers is correct)
A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture
C. The Green Revolution
D. Direct GMO

A. pre-modern agriculture
B. Industrial agriculture

The best way to overcome inequality is to level the economic playing field by removing trade barriers
A. Modernization Theory
B. Dependency Theory
C. Neoliberalism
D. Sustainable Development

C. Neoliberalism

Unbridled capitalism often leads to environmental degradation and social inequality. These two concerns need to be balanced with economic health.
A. Modernization Theory
B. Dependency Theory
C. Neoliberalism
D. Sustainable Development

D. Sustainable Development

Economies follow a predictable path from pre-industrial, "primitive" society, through industrialism, and end in post-industrial stability
A. Modernization Theory
B. Dependency Theory
C. Neoliberalism
D. Sustainable Development

A. Modernization Theory

Erratic birth and death rates, leading to relatively low population growth
A. Pre-industrial societies
B. Industrialism
C. Late Industrialism
D. Post-Industrialism

A. Pre-industrial societies

Stable birth and death rates, leading to relatively low population growth
A. Pre-industrial societies
B. Industrialism
C. Late Industrialism
D. Post-Industrialism

D. Post-Industrialism

Improvements in sanitation, resulting in low death rates and high population growth
A. Pre-industrial societies
B. Industrialism
C. Late Industrialism
D. Post-Industrialism

B. Industrialism

Steep declines in birth rates because of urbanization, inclusion of women in the workforce, availability of birth control, etc.
A. Pre-industrial societies
B. Industrialism
C. Late Industrialism
D. Post-Industrialism

C. Late Industrialism