Studied by 3 people
What is skin also known as?
cutaneous membrane
What are the skin’s two prime layers?
Epidermis and Dermis
Epidermal ridges and/or friction ridges?
In thick skin, the underlying dermal papillae, are caused by curbing parallel epidermal ridges. For fingerprints
Melanocytes
contribute colored pigments to the skin and serve to decrease the amount of UV light that can penetrate the deeper layer
What is another name for epidermal dendritic cells?
Langerhans cells are branched cells that play role in immunity. They originate in the bone marrow.
Epidermal Growth Factor
a cell-signaling protein that plays a role in regulating the regeneration and repair of the epidermis
Dermoepidermal Junction
point between the epidermis and dermis. forms the “glue” that holds the two layers together
Papillary layer
named for the bumps or papillae on its surface. The thin, epidermal layer of the skin conforms tightly to the ridges of dermal papillae. Helps to form fingerprints
Reticular layer
dense, tough collagenous fibers that when commercially pressed from animal skin results in leather. Elastic fibers here help skin to be elastic and stretchable.
Arrector pili muscles
a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to each hair follicle. Contraction of these muscles make hair “ stand up” and as hair rises, makes “goosebumps’
Scars
dense, fibrous, mass of tissue that remains after a damaged tissue has been repaired
Strata
layers of skin
named for:
its structural or functional characteristics
Stratum basale
deepest layer of the epidermis
stratum spinosum
spiny layer, rich in RNA and assists in production of keratin 10-12% of cells enter mitosis each day creating new cells
Stratum granulosum
process of surface keratin formation begins in thin layer
the only way to make a tattoo permanent is for the ink to reach your
dermis
Where are the most abundant sweat glands found?
palms, forehead, and soles of your feet
what 4 things make up the integumentary system
skin, hair, nails and exocrine glands
what is greated in the skin from sunlight
vitamin d
is the arrector pili at an angle or straight up and down
at an angle
what are the 5 main functions of the skin
protection
regulate body temperature
excretion
produce vitamin D
sensory reception
what is the bottom layer called and is considered part of the skin
hypodermis
what is the most abundant type of cell found in the epidermis and what do they produce
keratinocytes; produce keratin
how often is your epidermis replaced
35-35 days
what is the mnemonic to help remember the layers of the epidermis
come lets get sunburned
what layer contains melanocytes and what do they produce and how is it helpful
statum basale; it produces melanin; it protects from UV radiation
physical barriers
continuity of the skin and hardness of keratinized cells
waterproofing properties of the glycolipids. Keratin helps
keratin substances that can penetrate the skin: lipid-soluble substances like a CO2, steroid, olenesins of certain plants-poison ivy.
Chemical barriers
skin secretion, antimerobial peptides slows bacteria growth and/or killls. Melanin provides protection frm UV Damage. Low pH slows bacterial growth on the surface.
Biological barriers
langerhan’s cells present antigens to lymphocytes. Dermal macrophages attack bacteria,viruses that have have penetrated the epidermis. Both, help to activate the body’s immune system
