College Speech / Chapter 1

impromptu speech

delivered on the spot / no prep or notes

extemporaneous speech

some prep / note cards / formal

manuscript speech

a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

Memorized Speech

a speech composed word for word and then delivered from memory

communiaction

the study of symbols

social construction theory

your actions & behavior based on how you were raised

Linear model of communication

dosen't work anymore

transactional model of communication

listening and responding / modern communication

channel

real time speaking/the way it is being delivered

physical noise

real time noise

physiological noise

someone has a physical impairment

(blind, def)

psychological noise

internal distractions based on thoughts and feelings

semantic noise

subjects to the wrong audience

race

things you are born with

ethnicity

religion

decoding messages

receiving a message and interpreting its meaning

encoding messages

taking ideas and converting them into messages

bubble of transactional model of communication

context

culture

things you are apart of

open questions

questions that allow for a variety of extended responses

closed questions

Questions that can usually be answered with yes or no.

co-culture

cultures that go together

counter-culture

cultures that go against each other

high vs. low power distance

Cultures with high power distance have high levels of inequality in power distribution in organizations, families, and other institutions; whereas cultures with low power distance have less inequality. (we are low power distance)

individualist vs. collectivist

Individualist focuses on achieving personal success; collectivist emphasizes success of group.

high vs. low uncertainty avoidance

Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance have a low tolerance for ambiguity and minimize the possibility of uncomfortable, unstructured situations by enforcing strict rules, safety measures, and a belief in absolute truth. (we are high uncertainty avoidance)

masculine vs. feminism

how gender roles are connected

long vs. short term orientation

The degree to which cultures encourage delayed gratification of material, social, and emotional needs among its members.

indulgent vs. restrained

- indulgent: one values the satisfaction of human needs & desires

-restrained: sees the value N curbing ones' desires & w/holding pleasures 2 align more w/ societal norms

racism

Belief that one race is superior to another

sexism

the belief that one sex is innately superior to the other

ageism

Discrimination based on age

ableism

Discrimination in favor of able-bodied people.

heterosexism

discrimination or prejudice against homosexuals on the assumption that heterosexuality is the normal sexual orientation

objective reality

harsh/the truth/can be proven

subjective reality

based on your own opinions and experiences

selection

stimuli / could give attention

organization

schemas / folders in brain

interpritation

positivity & negativity bias

ecocentrism

thinks that things only affect ones self

primary effect

remembering the first thing

recency effect

remembering the last thing

open panel

known the the other person / known to self

hidden panel

known to self / not known to the other person

blind panel

not known to self / known to the other person

unknown panel

not known to self / not known to the other person

fellowship

socially accepted

competence

having enough skills to do something

autonomas

make decisions on our own

face threats

things that threaten to damage the image we work to present to others

image management

the process of projecting one's desired public image

saving face

the process of attempting to maintain a positive self-image in a relational situation