AP World - Unit 3 [1450 to 1750]

Manchus

The name of the overpowering group who established the Qing Dynasty, after they took control of the Ming

Gunpowder

The main resource that allowed for the spread of various land-based empires; Came from China

Ivan IV

The name of a ruler in Russia between 1450 to 1750

Suleiman I

The name of an important ruler in the Ottoman Empire; Empire flourished under his rule (reached a peak)

Akbar the Great

An extremely important and well-liked ruler of the Mughal Empire

Shah Abbas I

The name of a ruler from the Safavid Empire

Divine Right to Rule

The name of an ideology that was essentially thought of in Britain, which was similar to the Mandate of Heaven in the previous time period

English Bill of Rights

Signed by William and Mary; Essentially gave more rights to the citizens of Great Britain

Absolute Monarchy

The governmental system in France under Louis the 14th

Devshirme

The name of the military system in the Ottoman Empire

Janissaries

The name of the orphaned Christian boys who were part of the devshirme system in the Ottoman Empire

Tokugawa Shogunate

The name of the governmental system in Japan during this time; Held great peace and made the country more stable coming out of the feudalistic system

Peter the Great

Another ruler of the Russian empire after the death of Ivan the Terrible

Askia the Great

The name of the ruler of the Songhai Empire during this period where he promoted Islam and greatly improved the country

Tax Farming

A system of taxation used by various gunpowder empires where taxes where privately collected rather than simply by the government

Tributes

What was given to China by other states as a way to tax other countries

Taj Mahal

Was built in the Mughal empire by Shah Jahan

Palace of Versailles

Was built in France and Louis XIV sent all of his nobles to live there so that they would not overthrow his power

Zamindars

A tax collection system in the Mughal Empire based off of private collectivization

Suleimani Mosque

Built by Suleiman in the Ottoman Empire

Boyars

The name of the noble, landowning class that stood at the top of the social pyramid in Russia

Oprichina

The name of the paramilitary force that Ivan IV established; Also known as Russia’s “secret police”

St. Petersburg

The name of the city that was created under the rule of Peter the Great; Also the location where he sent all of the boyars to live to prevent revolts

Indulgences

The name of the purchases that could be made which essentially promised that you would go to heaven

Simony

The practice of paying for church offices

Martin Luther

A Catholic monk who wrote the 95 Theses (which were his complaints against the church)

Catholics and Orthodox

The two splits that occurred as a result of the Protestant Reformation

Council of Trent

The name of the council that was intended to correct various church abuses and mistakes (specifically those addressed in the 95 Theses)

Thirty Years War

A large religious conflict between the Catholics and the Protestants which resulted in numerous destructions around the European continent

Sikhism

A religion that was supposed to stop religious tensions in South/Southeast Asia; Specifically implemented by Shah Akbar

Sunni Islam

The branch of Islam that the Ottomans typically followed

Shi’a Islam

The branch of Islam that the Safavids typically followed

Constantinople

The name of the capital of the Ottoman Empire, which later became Istanbul

Byzantine Empire

The name of the empire that fell as a result of the Ottomans coming in and using gunpowder to destroy them

Counter (Catholic) Reformation

The reformation that occurred after the Protestant Reformation in an attempt to address the 95 Theses

Jesuits

The name of the group of people who attempted to spread Protestantism, especially through Asia