Untitled Flashcards Set

Species diversity generally __________ as one moves from the equator towards the poles.

declines

The latitudinal range of the tropics is __________.

23.5° N to 23.5° S

Colombia, located near the equator, has nearly __________ species of birds.

1,400

New York, located at 41° N, has __________ bird species.

105

Greenland, at 71° N, has only __________ species of birds.

56

India, primarily in tropical latitudes, is home to over __________ bird species.

1,200

Tropical forests may have up to __________ more vascular plant species than temperate regions.

10 times

The Amazon rainforest is the most biodiverse region on Earth, with over __________ species of plants.

40,000

It is estimated that at least __________ insect species are yet to be discovered in tropical rain forests.

two million

One reason for greater biodiversity in the tropics is __________ time, providing longer duration for species diversification.

evolutionary

Tropical environments provide more __________ energy, contributing to higher productivity.

solar

Alexander von Humboldt observed that species richness increases with __________ explored, but only up to a limit.

area

The equation relating species richness (S) and area (A) is expressed mathematically as __________.

log S = log C + Z log A

Ecologists have found that the value of Z typically ranges from __________ across various taxa.

0.1 to 0.2

For tropical forests, the slope for frugivorous birds and mammals is __________.

1.15

Steeper slopes in the species-area relationship suggest that larger areas tend to support disproportionately more __________.

species