Human Planet Lab Exam

earthquake magnitude

the size of an earthquake

latitude

measures the distance north or south of the equator

longitude

measures distance east or west of the prime meridian

fluvial

relating to a stream or river

seismograph

records the motion of the ground during an earthquake

map projection

method for taking the curved surface of the earth and making it flat

p-waves

the first waves that are the fastest and can move through any type of material

s-waves

they come later and can only move through solids

focus

the place inside Earth's crust where an earthquake originates

epicenter

the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake

cinder volcano

small and coned shaped, mildly explosive, steep slope

composite/stratovolcano

large and hard to erode, explosive and violent, thick magma

shield volcano

broad and dome shaped, gentle and nonviolent, fast moving magma

contour interval

the vertical distance or difference in elevation between contour lines

mercator projection

the sizes are off (especially at the poles) while keeping the shape accurate

gaging station

the site at which measurements of water level or discharge are made

earth quake intensity

based on observed motion and effect of ground movement

map scale

the relationship between distance on the map and distance on the ground

hydrograph

graph showing the rate of flow (discharge) versus time past a specific point in a river

lava

molten rock that breaks through the surface

magma

molten rock below the surface

flood

overflow of water

surface waves

seismic wave that travels along Earth’s surface

magnetic declination

the angle between magnetic north and true north

magnetic north

the direction that a compass needle points to as it aligns with the Earth's magnetic field

true north

a fixed point on the globe

ring of fire

path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes

When did the New Madrid quakes occur?

1811