Rad Pro 1 Ch 4 WB Test

The abdomen is divided into two cavities the inferior cavity is the

pelvic cavity

The liver, stomach, and pancreas are located in the:

abdominal cavity

The portions of the peritoneum that function to support the viscera of the abdomen in position are the:

mesentery and omenta folds

Which structure forms the mesentery and omenta folds?

peritoneum

Which three projections usually comprise the acute abdomen series for ambulatory patients?

Supine KUB, AP upright abdomen, and upright PA chest

To which level of the patient should the central ray be centered for the KUB when the patient is supine?

iliac crests

For the AP upright abdomen image of an adult of average size, why should the centering be slightly higher than the centering level used for the supine KUB image?

to include the diaphragm

For the KUB image, when should respiration be suspended, and what effect will that have on the patient?

full expiration, elevate the diaphragm

Why is it desirable to include the diaphragm in the upright abdomen image?

to demonstrate free air in the abdomen

Which projection should be used to demonstrate free air within the abdominal cavity when the patient is unable to stand for an upright abdomen image?

AP projection LLD position

Which projection does not demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen?

AP projection with patient supine

What is the major advantage of the PA projection of the abdomen over the AP projection of the abdomen?

PA reduces exposure dose to gonads

Which radiographic position of the abdomen requires that the patient be placed in the lateral recumbent position on his or her left side and that the horizontal central ray be directed along the midsagittal plane, entering the anterior surface of the patient's abdomen at the level of the iliac crests?

LLD

Which radiographic position of the abdomen requires that the patient be supine and that the central ray be directed to a lateral side of the patient, entering the midcoronal plane?

dorsal decubitus

Which of the following is true regarding all abdomen projections?

central ray is centered at iliac crests

the patient should suspend respiration after expiration

patient should suspend respiration after inspiration

CR should enter the anterior side of the abdomen

the patient should suspend respiration after expiration

For the lateral projection with the patient placed in the dorsal decubitus position, where should the central ray enter the patient?

5cm 2in above level of the iliac crests at the level of the midcoronal plane

For the lateral projection with the patient placed in the dorsal decubitus position, which procedure should be performed to ensure that the entire abdomen is included on the image?

use support cushions to elevate the patient

How is proper patient alignment evaluated on an AP projection, supine position (KUB) image of the abdomen?

vertebral column is centered in the collimated field

Which of the following is evaluated to check for rotation on an AP projection, supine position image of the abdomen?

vertebral column is centered in collimated field

the ala of the ilia are symmetric

transverse probesses of lumbar vertebrae are visible

ribs pelvis and hips are equidistant to edge of image on both sides

the ala of the ilia are symmetric

Which side must be demonstrated on an AP abdomen with the patient positioned left lateral decubitus when pneumoperitoneum is being evaluated?

right

Which side must be demonstrated on an AP abdomen with the patient positioned left lateral decubitus when fluid accumulation is being evaluated?

left

The exposure factors for an AP projection image of the abdomen must be sufficent to demonstrate the soft tissues of the:

lower border of liver

kidneys

psoas muscles

An acute abdominal series, maybe ordered for all of the following reasons, except to

check for pnuemoperitoneum

evaluate presence of free fluid in abdominopelvic cavity

use as a preliminary examination before contrast agent administration

rule out bowel obstruction or infection

use as a preliminary examination before contrast agent administration

all of the following criteria are used to evaluate an AP image of the abdomen for rotation except for

alae or wings of ilia are symmetric

superimposed lumbar vertebrae pedicles and open intervertebral foramina

spinous processes in the center of the lumbar vertebrae

ischial spines of the pelvis symmetric if visible

superimposed lumbar vertebrae pedicles and open intervertebral foramina

to which level of the patient should the central ray be centered for the AP abdomen when the patient is upright and the diaphragm is of interest ?

5 cm 2 inch above iliac crests

To which level of the patient should the central ray be centered for the AP abdomen when the patient is upright and the bladder is of interest?

iliac crests

If free intraperitoneal air is suspected when performing a left lateral decubitus abdomen, how long should the patient lie on their side before exposure?

5 minutes