A&PII - Chapter 26 - The Reproductive System pt2

Enlargement of the prostate gland can constrict the __________.

ejaculatory duct

What is the maturation process in which spermatids elongate and shed excess cytoplasm?

Spermiogenesis

What stem cell begins the process of spermatogenesis?

Spermatogonium

The movement of sperm, testicular fluids, and secretions from the prostate gland and seminal vesicle into the urethra is known as __________.

emission

Which of the following ducts travels through the prostate gland?

Ejaculatory duct

How many spermatids result from one spermatogonium?

4 spermatids

When are all oogonia formed in females?

Before birth

Which of the following is not a bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

Genital herpes

The reduction in the number of chromosomes to half the normal count occurs during __________.

meiosis

Which of the following is linked with many cases of cervical cancer?

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

What type of birth control may prevent pregnancy by manipulating the hormones and interfering with ovulation?

Hormonal method

Where does fertilization usually occur?

Ampulla of the uterine tube

Which portion of the penis is called the foreskin?

Prepuce

What is the main female gonad?

Ovary

Assuming a 28-day ovarian cycle, on what day should ovulation occur?

Day 14

Which of the following can be fertilized?

Secondary oocyte

What shuffles the alleles and causes homologous chromosomes to no longer be identical during meiosis?

Crossing over

A couple wants to have sexual intercourse, and they do not wish to use a behavior method as a form of birth control since they know it comes with high risk. What could be an alternative method?

Condoms

Which portion of the uterus is shed during menstruation?

Stratum functionalis of the endometrium

Which of the following is the first phase of the ovarian cycle?

Follicular phase

Decline in male reproductive functions occur during __________.

andropause

Meiosis is a special type of cell division that produces __________.

gametes

In a female, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) target the __________.

Ovaries

Which of the following is the main hormone that regulates spermatogenesis?

Testosterone

The fusion of sperm and egg is known as:

fertilization.

Semen is expelled from the body during:

ejaculation.

Spermiogenesis begins with a ________ and ends with a ________.

spermatid, sperm

The innermost epithelial layer of the uterus is the __________.

endometrium

Where should a fertilized ovum implant?

uterus

What part of the female reproductive system receives the penis during sexual intercourse?

vagina

When menstruation has ceased for at least one year, what has occurred?

female climacteric, or menopause

Which of the following is a barrier method of birth control?

diaphragm

The most common cause of cervical cancer is __________.

HPV infection

What is the cause of trichomoniasis?

parasite

Mitosis produces cells that are ___________; meiosis produces cells that are ___________.

diploid; haploid

The primary sex organs are also called __________.

gonads

Synapsis and crossing over takes place during __________.

prophase I of meiosis

Two identical copies of the same chromosome are called __________.

sister chromatids

The mode of cell division that results in the formation of daughter cells that are genetically identical to the original cell is called _____.

mitosis

Complete this analogy: Testes are to gonads as sperm are to:

gametes.

A parent cell has 28 chromosomes and completes meiosis. How many chromosomes result in each cell produced?

14 chromosomes

Which structure is part of both the reproductive and the urinary system in males?

urethra

Which of the following glands produces the majority of the fluid in semen?

seminal vesicles

Where does sperm production occur within the testis?

seminiferous tubules

Which of the following male accessory sex glands produces a yellowish secretion containing fructose, prostaglandins, coagulating proteins and enzymes?

seminal vesicle

The stem cells that give rise to new sperm are called __________.

spermatogonia

Which hormone is directly responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics in males?

testosterone

The process of male gamete, or sperm cell, development is known as:

spermatogenesis.

A male bodybuilder takes testosterone supplements to increase his muscle mass. After three weeks, which of the following do you expect to observe?

Excess testosterone inhibits production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

At what point in life does spermatogenesis begin in a male?

puberty

The structures that catch the oocyte upon ovulation are the __________.

fimbriae

Which of the following is the most inferior portion of the uterus?

cervix

Which of the following is the correct order of developing follicles and their remnants during the ovarian cycle?

primordial follicle ( secondary follicle ( vesicular follicle ( corpus luteum

In the female reproductive system, FSH stimulates __________.

granulosa cells to produce estrogens

All of the following are female secondary sex characteristics EXCEPT __________.

enlarged larynx

The process by which immature follicles degenerate and are resorbed during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is called __________.

artesia

Secondary oocytes form __________.

between puberty and menopause

The hormone produced by the corpus luteum that is the primary ovarian hormone after ovulation is __________.

progesterone

Which follicle contains a secondary oocyte arrested in metaphase II?

vesicular (tertiary) follicle

Place these stages of the ovarian cycle in the correct order.

1) Corpus albicans

2) Vesicular (tertiary) follicle

3) Primary follicle

4) Ruptured follicle

5) Primordial follicle

6) Secondary follicle

7) Corpus luteum

5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 7, 1

Ovulation is triggered by a surge in:

luteinizing hormone (LH).

Which of the following is regulated by a positive feedback mechanism in females?

ovulation

What portion of the uterus is composed of smooth muscle and contracts rhythmically during orgasm and childbirth?

myometrium

A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during

interphase.

Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces

four haploid cells.

During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?

prophase I.

The correct order of events during meiosis is

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.

During prophase I of meiosis,

homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.

Which structure is the location where sperm maturation occurs?

epididymis

Where is the testis located?

inside the scrotum

Which structure travels through the spermatic cord?

ductus deferens

Which structure is the male copulatory organ?

penis

What structure anchors the ovary to the uterus?

ovarian ligament

What structure in the female is composed of erectile tissue?

clitoris

Which structure is the site of implantation?

uterus

Which term describes the female external genitalia?

vulva

What is spermatogenesis?

producing sperm

Where does oogenesis primarily occur?

ovary