Computer Science AP Unti 1

for quiz 1

decimal

A way of representing information using ten options

binary

A way of representing information using only two options

bit

A contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1

byte

8 bits = one byte

overflow error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large

round-off error

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded.

abstraction

a programmer hides all but the relevant data about an object in order to reduce complexity and increase efficiency.

lossless compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing any information. This process is reversible.

lossy compression

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something in which some information is lost or thrown away. This process is not reversible

intellectual property

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Creative Commons

A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work, used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created

pixels

small squares that make up a bigger picture and can be coded in many different colors and shades to make elaborate pictures.

what is analog data vs. digital data

Analog technology uses data that is continuous and the goal is to capture a likeness of reality. Digital technology uses sampling to encode the data and then reproduces it as closely as needed.

Sampling

A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.