cell parts & functions + plasma membrane & microvili, cilia, flagella

most human cells have three basic parts :

• plasma membrane

  • separates internal contents from external environment

• cytoplasm

  • cellular contents between plasma membrane and nucleus

  • includes the cytosol, inclusions, and organelles

• nucleus

  • “control center” of the cell

  • contains genetic material and directs the synthesis of proteins, therefore controlling the structure and function of the cell

plasma membrane

• also called the cell membrane

• flexible, fluid molecular layer

• selectively permeable (semipermeable) barrier regulating passage of gases, nutrients, and wastes

• extracellular fluid & intercellular fluid

• channel allows certain things to go in and out easily

• composed of lipids and proteins

• phospholipids

  • polar head which is hydrophilic (interacts well with water)

  • two nonpolar tails which are hydrophobic

• glycolipids have carbohydrate groups attached

• lipids strengthens and stabilizes membrane

microvili

finger-like

cilia

flagella

sperm