PSY 333

Adolescent Development

When do majority of male teens start masturbating?

13

___ of male teens masturbate by age 19

90%

___ of female teens start masturbating by ages 14 to 17

50%

____ of female teens masturbate by age 20

75%

____ of 12th graders have had sex

57%

___ of 11th graders have had sex

47%

____ of 10th graders have had sex

36%

____ of males teen reported they kissed at least once by age 13

60%

____ of males teens reported touching tits

20%

____ of males teens reported vaginal touching by age 18

60%

___ of females teens reported they kissed at least once

73%

___ of teen females reported having their tits touched

35%

____ of males teens reported penile touching by age 18

77%

sexual scripts

cognitive framework for understanding sexual experiences

Gender differences in sexual scripts

- boys expected to make the move
- girls set the limits

teens who delay premature sexual activity

- tend to have high self-esteem
- on-time maturing
- those who delay have better academic performance/aspirations

Parental behavior and sexual activity

- support
- monitoring
- communication

selective association

who you hang around is gonna influence thoughts and behaviors and we tend to seek out peers who are similar

peer's influence on teen's sexual activity

clique influence and selective association

Contraceptive use in teens is...

sporadic, unplanned, and infrequent

Teen pregnancy

229,715 (15 -19 years)

As the number of IUDs went up condom use went...

down

Birth control use ______ from 1995-----2017

increased

What was the most common type of birth control among teens in 2017?

condoms

condom use

increased 1991----2017
increased 1991----2005
decreased 2005---2017

IUD use among teens started around

2013

Teen mothers' problems

- 2x as likely to drop out of school
- less likely to go to college or become employed
- less likely to get married
- more likely to get divorced if they get married

Teen fathers' problems

- more likely to become divorced
- lower level of education
- lower paying job
- more likely to violate the law
- more feelings of anxiety and depression

outcomes of offspring from teen parents

- babies are more likely to be born prematurely
- ay experience a variety of physical and intellectual problems
- greater likelihood of behavioral problems
- school misbehavior, delinquency, and early sexual activity
- low birth weight likely

Support programs for teen moms should be comprehensive and focus on...

- completing education
- job prep
- life skills
- parenting
- mentoring

__ in ___ females reported experiencing physical dating violence in the last year

1, 11

__ in ___ males reported experiencing physical dating violence in the last year

1, 15

___ in ___ female high school students reported experiencing sexual dating violence in the last year

1, 9

___ in _____ male high school students reported experiencing sexual dating violence in the last year

1, 36

Types of teen dating violence

- physical
- sexual
- psychological (gaslighting)
- stalking

Consequences of teen dating violence

- depression and anxiety
- a tendency to engage in unhealthy behaviors
- antisocial behavior
- suicidal ideation/completion

graduation rates

- 2016-2017 85%
- 2017-2018 85%

Overall there has been a ___ in drop out rates

decrease

More ___ are dropping out than _____

males, females

4th grade foreclosure

some researchers say by 4th grade students determine whether or not school is for them based on experiences they have had. If they had a bad experience they give up .

Individuals and family factors of high school dropouts

- low grades and learning difficulty
- 4th-grade foreclosure
- attitude toward school
- disconnected from school
- substance abuse
- mental health problems
- early parenthood
- violent neighborhood environment
- low family income

School factors of high school dropouts

- low teacher support
- school size (larger school = more potential for disconnect)
- lack of peer relationships

alternative school programs

- attention from caring adults
- staff members who serve as counselors
- low student-teacher ratios
- high teacher expectations

depressed mood

enduring period of sadness

Major Depressive Disorder

Depressed mood that lasts longer than 2 weeks and disrupts daily functioning. Characteristics include depressed mood most of the day, weight gain/loss, insomnia or oversleeping, low energy, difficulty concentrating, and suicidal ideation

Depressive syndrome

frequent crying, feeling guilty, lonely, or worried

What is the difference between CBT and Acceptance and commitment therapy

In CBT you are coached to avoid negative thinking patterns in ACT you are coached to acknowledge and reflect on negative thoughts

What are the 3 aspects of ACT?

- accept: acknowledging that negative thoughts are normal, appropriate and need not be avoided
- commit: make concrete steps to make meaningful changes despite negative thoughts and feelings
- Agency: acknowledge and move past the painful feelings

risk factors of suicide

depression, family disruption, substance abuse problems, relationship problems outside family

Family contributions of juvenile crimes

- criminogenic families
- absentee of criminal fathers
- maternal influences
- substance abusing parents
- broken homes

Two perspectives on juvenile delinquency

- Lifecourse: persistent delinquency that starts early and continues
- Adolescent Limited Delinquency: only occurs during adolescence

Individual contributors of juvenile crimes

- denial of personal responsibility
- denial of harm to everyone
- denial that person is the victim
- condemning the condemners

societal contributions of juvenile crimes

- media contributions
- exploitation of children
- availability of weapons

index offenses

robbery, murder, and rape

status offenses

truancy (not going to school), runaway, underage drinking

custody rates are highest among ________ ________

African Americans

Individual protective factors for juvenile crimes

- impulse control
- mental health

Family protective factors for juvenile crimes

- parental warmth
- monitoring
- consistent discipline
- parental involvement
- developmental parenting

Environmental protective factors for juvenile crimes

neighborhood quality the more social cohesion the better

3 aspects of restorative justice

- encounter: a facilitated meeting between perpetrator and victim
- repair: repair harm in a broad sense
- transform: pinpoint the root cause of crime and address those issues

TED talk intervention for suicide

1.) get educated. learn the signs of suicide and understand we have the power to halt suicide.
2.) be honest about your feelings
3.) get brave