S+C Quiz 2

Hormones

Chemical messengers that are synthesized, stored, and released into the blood by endocrine glands

Endocrine glands

Body structures specialized for releasing hormones into the blood

List some endocrine glands

Pituitary gland, adrenal gland, thyroid, parathyroid

Hormones are intimately involved with____and____

MPS, degradation mechanisms

Anabolic horomones

Tissue building

Catabolic horomones

Degrade tissues

Permissive hormones

Allow

Examples of anabolic horomones

Testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-1

Permissive hormone examples

Thyroid

Catabolic hormones

Cortisol, progesterone

Lock-and-key theory

Key=hormone, lock=receptor

Downregulation

The inability of a hormone to interact with a receptor

Hormonal adaptations can involve:

More/less hormone synthesis, faster/slower hormone clearance, more/fewer receptors

3 Types of hormones

1. Steroid

2. Polypeptide

3. Amine

Steroid hormones

Derived from adrenal cortex, at soluble, can pass through cell membrane (testosterone)

Polypetide

Made of AA, Bind to receptors on the cell membrane and use signaling pathways/secondary messengers, (growth hormones/insulin),

Amine

Made from tyrosine and tryptophan, secondary messanagers, not regulated by negative feedback

Resistance exercise causes ____

hormones to be released befpre during and after

Hormonal responses demand on…

• Exercise intensity

• Volume

• Muscle mass

• Rest periods

• Training experience

What is a primary anabolic hormone

Testosterone

Testosterone is increased by

Large muscle group exercises, 85-95% 1RM, mod-high volume, 30secs-1min rests, 2+yrs of training

Free vs. total testosterone percentage

.5-2% of TT is FT

Heavy resistance exercise can acutely increase free testosterone in both men and women, but the increase is much smaller in women.

True

Women have approximately

15–20× lower circulating testosterone than men

How to increase cortisol

High volume + large muscle groups + short rest periods

Acute cortisol___

increases can contribute to muscle remodeling and maintenance of blood glucose`

EIMD

Exercise induced muscle damage

Process of EIMD

Lift weights-EIMD-DOMS-endocrine system turns on-signals mTor