Human Anatomy - Lab Exam

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What is the origin and insertion of the trapezius?

Origin - Occipital bone; spinous process of cervical and thoracic

Insertion - Clavicle; acromion process and spine of scapula

What is the origin and insertion of the masseter?

Origin - Zygomatic arch

Insertion - Ramus (lateral surface) and angle of mandible

What is the origin and insertion of the digastric of the anterior belly?

Origin - Mental protuberance of mandible

Insertion - Hyoid bone

What is the origin and insertion of the posterior belly of the digastric?

Origin - Mastoid process

Insertion - Hyoid bone

What is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis major?

Origin - Medial clavicle; costal cartilages of upper ribs; body of sternum

Insertion - Lateral part of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

What is the origin and insertion of the external obliques?

Origin - External and inferior borders of inferior ribs

Insertion - Iliac crest

What is the origin and insertion of the rectus abdominus?

Origin - Xiphoid process of sternum; inferior surfaces of ribs

Insertion - Superior surface of pubic near pubic symphysis

What is the origin and insertion of the biceps brachii?

Origin - Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion - Radial tuberosity

What is the origin and insertion of the triceps brachii?

Origin - Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion - Olecranon of ulna

What is the origin and insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

Origin - Spinous process of thoracic vertebrae; inferior ribs and iliac crest

Insertion - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

What is the origin and insertion of the rectus femoris?

Origin - Anterior-inferior iliac spine

Insertion - Quadriceps tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus maximus?

Origin - Iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx

Insertion - Gluteal tuberosity of femur

What is the function of the trapezius?

Superior fibres - Elevate scapula superiorly and rotates scapula

Middle fibres - Retract scapula

Inferior fibres - Depress scapula

What is the function of the masseter?

Elevates and protracts mandible

• Agonist (prime mover) of mandible elevation (closing mouth)

What is the function of the digastric?

Elevates hyoid bone and depresses mandible

What is the function of the pectoralis major?

Agonist of arm flexion, adducts arm, medially rotating arm

What is the function of the external oblique?

Bilateral action 1) Flexes vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall (forced expiration)

Bilateral action 2) Laterally flexes vertebral column rotating column to opposite side.

What is the function of the rectus abdominus?

Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall, used in forced expiration.

What is the function of the biceps brachii?

Flexes arm

What is the function of the triceps brachii?

Extends (adducts) arm

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?

Agonist of arm extension, adducts arm, medially rotating arm

What is the function of the rectus femoris?

Flexes thigh at hip joint, extending leg at knee joint

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

Agonist of thigh extension so laterally rotates thigh at the hip joint

What is the bone feature for the origin of the trapezius?

Occipital bone - spinous process of cervical + thoracic

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the trapezius

Clavicle - acromion process and spine of scapula

What is the bone feature for the origin of the masseter?

The zygomatic arch that forms from the fusion of the temporal and zygomatic process of the temporal and zygomatic bones

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the masseter?

Ramus of the mandible

What is the bone feature for the origin of the anterior belly of the digastric?

The mental protuberance of the mandible

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the anterior belly of the digastric?

The hyoid bone

What is the bone feature for the origin of the posterior belly of the digastric?

the mastoid process of the temporal bones

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the posterior belly of the digastric?

The hyoid bone

What is the bone feature for the origin of the pectoralis major?

The medial clavicle so costal cartilage of upper ribs of the body of the sternum.

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the pectoralis major?

The intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

What is the bone feature for the origin of the external obliques?

External and inferior borders of the inferior ribs

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the external obliques?

The iliac crest of the hip bone (pelvic girdle)

What is the bone feature for the origin of the rectus abdominus? 

The xiphoid process of the sternum

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the rectus abdominus? 

Superior suface of pubis near the pubic symphysis of the hip bone

What is the bone feature for the origin of the biceps brachii?

The coracoid process of the scapula

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the biceps brachii?

The radial tuberoisty of the radius

What is the bone feature for the origin of the triceps brachii?

The infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the triceps brachii?

The olecranon of the ulna

What is the bone feature for the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

The spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae, the inferior ribs of the ribs, and the iliac crest of the hip bone.

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

The intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

What is the bone feature for the origin of the rectus femoris?

The anterior-inferior iliac spine of the hip bone.

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the rectus femoris?

The quadriceps tendon and the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity of the patella

What is the bone feature for the origin of the gluteus maximus?

The iliac crest of the hip bone, sacrum, and coccyx.

What is the bone feature for the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

The linea aspera and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

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Sclera

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Iris

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Cornea

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Fatty Tissue

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Corpus Callosum

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Septum

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Cerebral Nuclei

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White Matter

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Grey Matter

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Cortex

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Lateral Ventricle

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Optic Chiasm

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Internal Capsule

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Thalamus

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Starting of Hypothalamus

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Hippocampus

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Amygdala

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Hippocampus

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Cerebral Aquaduct

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Thalamus

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Vitreous humor

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Tapetum lucidum

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Retina

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Ciliary body (anterior)

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Iris

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Ciliary body (posterior)

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Pupil

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Optic nerve

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Fatty tissue and muscle remnant

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Frontal lobe

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Gyri

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Sulcus

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Longitudinal fissure

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Parietal lobe

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Occipital lobe

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Cerebellum

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Spinal cord

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Olfactory bulb

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Optic nerve (partial)

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Optic chiasma

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Mamillary body

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Cerebral peduncle

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Pons

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Medulla oblongata

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Spinal cord

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Optic chiasma

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Hypothalamus

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Lateral ventricle

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Corpus collosum

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Thalamus

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Cerebellum

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Arbor

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Pons