disease detectives

sensitivity

The ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease, minimizing false negatives. Probability that test will be positive, given that patient has true positive result. Higher sensitivity means fewer false negatives.

specificity

The ability of a test to correctly identify those without the disease, minimizing false positives. Proportion of tested negatives given that individual is true negative

Positive Predictive Value

probability that patient with positive test results truly has the disease (percent true positive and test positive relative to test positive population.)

Choropleth vs spot map

Choropleth maps use varying shades of color to represent data values in defined regions, while spot maps use symbols or dots to indicate the presence of data points in specific locations.

prevalence

number of cases / population

incidence

umber of new cases/population*time

average duration

prevalence/incidence

primordial

reduces overall risk for populations

primary

affects at-risk populations by preventing problems

secondary

affects individuals by detecting conditions

tertiary

affects individuals by lessening negative impacts

quarternary

prevents unneccesary medical intervention