Positive Behavior Support (Clin Reasoning)

What are the characteristics of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD)

• Deficits in intellectual functioning

• Deficits in adaptive behaviors

• Memory and Attention Issues

• Communication Issues

• Behavioral Difficulties

• Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorder

What are the characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

• Difficulty with non-verbal communication

• Communication difficulty with pragmatic communication

• Echolalia

• Regulating or modulation of tone of voice

• Engagement in restricted interests

• Perseverative speech

• Difficulty tolerating change

• Repeative movements

• Hyper or Hyposensitivity to Stimuli

Positive Behavior Support (PBS)

An approach established in the 80s to supporting people who have challenging behavior

What are the key sources of PBS

• Applied behavioral analysis
• Normalization
• Person-Centered Values

What are the foundations of PBS?

• QOL
• Community Contexts
• Focus on Family
• Preventative

What are the parts Three-Term Contingency

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Three/Four-Term Contingency

a fundamental construct in the field of behavior analysis that is used to classify and understand relations between an individual, their behavior and the environment

What are the parts of Four-Term Contingency

Setting Event - antecedent - behavior - consequence

What are the approaches to applying PBS?

• Prevention of problems
• Teaching skills
• Responding to Situations

Setting Event Stratgeies

Strategies that are used to prevent negative experiences in a visit, such as extended timing, communication of needs, and awareness of triggers

Social Story

a particular situation, event, or activity that providesinformation about what the person should expect in a situation and why.

What are criteria for social stories

• Sentences are descriptive, not directive
• Real Photos are used as much as possible
• Must be read several times

Antecedent Strategies

Strategies that are used during a visit to prevent negative experiences, such as personal space, communication, and visual supports

Visual Schedules

a set of pictures that communicate a series of activities or steps of a specific schedule. Gives a sense of control, predictability and choice over their schedule

What are some response strategies?

• Redirection
• Choice
• Co-Regulation
• Provide Space

Redirection

steering a child's disruptive behavior to a different, more acceptable activity that still meets the child's basic needs

Choice

Provide acceptable options for completing the task

Co-regulation.

ssist with regulating emotions by expressing empathy, acknowledgingemotions, and providing positive reinforcement for approximations of following expectations