Chemistry Year 8 - Summative Assessment 2 Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Chemistry Year 8 Summative Assessment 2 review notes. Focusing on definitions, reactions, and important laws and scientists.

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that gives an increase in temperature.

Products of Calcium and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

Hydrogen and Calcium Chloride

Inert

A substance that is unreactive.

Combustion

A chemical reaction involving rapid reaction between a substance with an oxidant, usually oxygen, to produce heat and light.

Reason Sodium is Kept Under Oil

To prevent its reaction with air.

Reason for Using Pencil Line in Chromatography

Because pencil is more soluble than ink.

Uses of Fuels

For heating and cooking at homes and for running turbines in hydropower.

Respiration

Exothermic reaction taking place inside our bodies to keep us warm.

Reason for Using the Same Mass of Food

To ensure a fair experiment.

Product of Magnesium Burning in Oxygen

Magnesium oxide

Observations When Sodium Reacts with Water

Produce hydrogen bubbles; the sodium hydroxide will become cloudy

Thomson's Atomic Model (1904)

Negatively charged electrons surround a positively charged sphere.

First Sub-Atomic Particles Discovered

Electrons

Conservation of Mass

Where the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.

Products in Reaction: Acid + Alkali

Salt and Water

Word Equation for Magnesium and Sulfuric Acid

Magnesium + Sulfuric Acid → Magnesium Sulfate + Hydrogen

A Factor That Should Be Kept the Same for Fuel Experiments

Amount of water

Why Thermometer Should Be Used to Stir Water

Spreading out equally in the water

Type of Chemical Reaction: Dilute Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide

Neutralisation

Type of Chemical Reaction: Zinc + Oxygen → Zinc Oxide

Combination

What Rutherford Used to Fire at Gold

Alpha particles

Purpose of Curved Screen in Rutherford's Experiment

It is used to catch the alpha particles that are scattered.

Gas Produced When Zinc Reacts with Dilute Hydrochloric Acid

Hydrogen gas

Word Equation for Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

Zinc + dilute hydrochloric acid → zinc chloride + hydrogen

Name Given to the Rusting of Iron

Oxidation

Proust's Law

Law of Definite Proportions

Statement of Proust's Law

Elements in a compound are always present in a certain definite proportion, no matter how the compound was made.

Electrical Charge Comparison: Proton vs Electron

The electrical charge of proton is positive while electron is negative.

What Holds Electrons Inside an Atom?

Electrostatic force

Scientific Meaning of Concentration

Amount of solid(s) that are able to dissolve in the solvent (liquid).

Physicist Who Discovered Neutrons

James Chadwick