Final Exam Review Art

Mary Cassatt- Young Mother, Daughter, and Son

Vija Celmins- Untitled (Ocean)

John Singer Sargent- Rushing Brook

Giotto - Madonna and Child Enthroned

Fra Andrea Pozzo- The Glorification of St. Ignatius

Elizabeth Catlett- Sharecropper

Kitagawa Utamaro – Shaving a Boy’s Head

Johannes Vermeer- Woman Holding a Balance

Rembrandt van Rijn – The Angel Appearing to the Shepards

Ansel Adams- Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico

Leonardo da Vinci- Madonna and Child with St. Anne and Infant St. John the Baptist

Kara Walker- Insurrection! (Our Tools Were Rudimentary, Yet We Pressed on)

Whitfield Lovell- Whispers from the Walls

Vincent van Gogh – The Night Cafe

Robert Rauschenberg – Monogram

Sandro Botticelli- Primavera

Jacob Lawrence- Barber Shop

Honore Daumier- Rue Transnonain

Roger Shimomura- Enter the Rice Cooker

Albrecht Dürer- Adam and Eve (Fourth State)

Hokusai- The Great Wave off Kanagawa

Nam June Paik- Video Flag

Julia Margaret Cameron- Portrait of Thomas Carlyle

Eadweard Muybridge- Annie G, Cantering, Saddled

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre- Le Boulevard du Temple

William Henry Fox Talbot- Mimosoidea Suchas, Acacia

Nancy Rubins – Pleasure Point

Zhang Huan- Three-Legged Buddha

Jeff Koons- Puppy

Marina Abramovic: The House with the Ocean View

Tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

Kiki Smith- Guide

Faith Ringgold- Tar Beach

Peter Voulkos- The Eagle Has Landed

Julie Green- The Last Supper

M. Pei- Glass Pyramid, Cour Napoleon, Louvre, Paris

Frank Gehry- Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

El Lissitzky- Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge

Charlie Chaplin- The Gold Rush

Nan Goldin- Vivienne in the green dress

Bill Viola- The Reflecting Pool

Anish Kapoor- Cloud Gate

Allan Kaprow- Household

Sarah Sze- Triple Point (Pendulum)

Venus of Willendorf

Kouros (also known as the Kritios Boy)

Ann Hamilton- the event of a thread

Joana Vasconcelos- Contamination

Dale Chihuly- Mille Fiori

Pantheon

First Temple of Hera

Frank Lloyd Wright- Fallingwater

Gerrit Rietveld- Red and Blue Chair

Linear Perspective

in two-dimensional art, it is a system of representing three-dimensional spatial relationships derived from the optical illusion that parallel lines, if extended to the horizon, appear to converge.

Foreshortening

to reduce or distort (parts of a represented object that are not parallel to the picture plane) in order to convey the illusion of three-dimensional space as perceived by the human eye: often done according to the rules of perspective.

Tenebrism

use of large areas of dark contrasting sharply with smaller brightly illuminated areas, exaggerating or emphasizing the effects of chiaroscuro.

Chiaroscuro

the gradual blending of light to dark values to create a three-dimensional illusion

Fundamental roles an artist uses to approach their work

• Artists help us see the world in new or innovative ways

• Artists make a visual record of the people, places, and events of their time and place

• Artists make functional objects and structures (buildings) more pleasurable and elevate them or imbue them with meaning

• Artists give form to the immaterial – hidden or universal truths, spiritual forces, personal feelings

Encaustic

method of painting made by combining pigment with a binder of egg yolk.

Fresco

pigment mixed with limewater (a solution of calcium hydroxide) then applied to a lime plaster wall.

Intaglio Print

type of print that is printed from a copper or zinc plate.

Relief Print

type of print that is printed from linoleum or wood block.

Lithography

type of print that is printed from a limestone or a sheet of prepared aluminum

Photogenic Drawing

A negative image is fixed to paper

DAGUERREOTYPE

made on a copper plate, polished with silver

Sculpture in-the-round

exhibits movement; a sculpture that can be seen from all sides.

Performance Art

as Living Sculpture (generally human but animals can be involved). Human activity that goes on within a space either in-doors or outdoors.

Happenings

spontaneous events conceived by artists and performed not only by the artist themselves but often by the public present at the event.

Tapestry

type of weaving, the weft yarns are of several colors that the weaver manipulates to make a design or image.

Earthenware Ceramics

type of ceramics made of porous clay and fired at low temperatures that must be glazed if it is to hold liquid.

Stoneware Ceramics

type of ceramics fired at high temperature and thus impermeable to water

Porcelain Ceramics

type of ceramics fired at the highest temperatures that becomes virtually translucent and extremely glossy in finish.

Ceramic Slab Construction

ceramic construction in which clay is rolled out flat, like a pie crust, and then shaped by hand.

Ceramic Coiling Construction

long rope like strands of clay are coiled on top of one another and then smoothed.

Throwing on a Wheel

process of forming clay into shapes on a potter’s wheel.

Basic Structural Systems

- Shell System

- Skeleton and Skin System

POST-AND-LINTEL CONSTRUCTION

system of building in which two posts support a crosspiece, or lintel, that spans the distance between them

Barrel Vault

a continuous series of arches, one behind the other

Flying Buttresses

exterior arch that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or vault (found on Gothic churches)

Cantilever

architectural form that projects horizontally from its support

Sir Isaac Newton

first discovered color is a direct function of light. he reorganized the visible spectrum into what we know as the color wheel today.

Albert Munsell

Color System Inventor, System was created to show the difference between colors, tints and shades based on hue, value and intensity.

Identify which art movement established the technique of linear perspective and what timeframe?

Renaissance, 15th century

Describe why oil paint is distinctive amongst all of the paint mediums and as a medium itself

Oil Paint is a more versatile medium than others. Oil paint is slow to dry due to the linseed oil base, so artists are able to continuously redo their work till they feel satisfied. Straight out of the tube, oil paint is thick and malleable to create 3D art, whereas if thinned with turpentine, the paint is thinner and more transparant. Because of the different abilities of oil paint, you can blend to your liking to create different tones and hues, which isn’t always as easy with other media.

Describe what is a vanitas theme work of art

Vanitas theme usually uses imagery that symbolizes things like mortality, futility of earthly pleasures and the impermanence of life with lots of juxtapositions in the work. An example would be Jan Brueghel the Elder’s - Flowers in a Blue Vase, with the flowers being so full and vibrant, they look beautiful. As you take a closer look, the ones in the back are wilting, falling off, and dying. Still, doesn’t take away from the art.

Identify the difference between Egytpian sculpture vs. Early Classical Greek sculpture.

A) Egytpian sculpture is rigid

- Menkaure with a Woman

- Senworset I ed by Atum to Amun-Re

B) Early Classical Greek sculptures show naturalism/naturalistic (representation retaining apparently realistic elements but does not display a distinctive or a subjective point of view).

-Three Goddesses

- Michelangelo- “Atlas” Slave

-Kouros (also known as Kritios Boy)

-Praxiteles, Hermes, and Dionysus

- Maidens and Stewards, fragment of the Panathenaic Procession

-Giambologna/Giovanni Bologna- Capture of the Sabine Women

Explain why gold has been a favored material since ancient times?

Gold has been a favored material because it is the easiest to work with. The gold is soft when in a pure state and has also been linked to royalty since ancient times. Therefor people preferred gold over others.

Explain the technological advances that have contributed to modern and contemporary skyscraper architecture?

Architecture advanced ones they introduced the idea of cast-iron to construction. Before this, they would use purely stone for projects, once they added carbon to iron to create cast-iron the possibilities opened up in architecture.

With finishing this course how do you feel about visual art? (be able to explain your answer) Should we continue to have visual art or abandon it (be able to explain your answer of why or why not?)

With finishing this course, I feel like I do look at art differently than I did before. I recently took a trip to Coloar