1.6 muscle & tendon

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26 Terms

1
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aponeurosis of muscle
connects muscle to bone or tendon
2
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epimysium
binds the muscle belly together
3
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sarcolemma
specialised cell membrane on muscle cells
4
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fascicles
bundles of muscle fibres/cells, forming the muscle belly
5
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perimysium
binds each fascicle into bundles
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1?
1?
tendon
tendon
7
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2?
2?
aponeurosis
aponeurosis
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3?
3?
epimysium
epimysium
9
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4?
4?
perimysium
perimysium
10
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5?
5?
structure = fascicle
membrane = sarcolemma
structure = fascicle
membrane = sarcolemma
11
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6?
6?
endomysium
endomysium
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7?
7?
myofibril
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sarcomere
basic contractile unit of a myocyte (muscle fibre)
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what is this structure? what is the pink? what is the yellow?
what is this structure? what is the pink? what is the yellow?
pink = myosin
yellow = actin
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cardiac muscle structure
striated
single central nucleus
involuntary
irregular arrangement with intercalated disks
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smooth muscle structure
no striations
single nucleus
involuntary
longer contractions
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"force"
push or pull on an object, causing it to change velocity
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formula for 'work done'
force x Δdistance

*Δ = change in
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formula for 'power'
Δwork/Δtime
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pennate muscle
muscle fibres at an angle to internal tendon/aponeurosis
increases physiological cross sectional area (which is proportional to force)
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parallel muscle
fibres run parallel to line of pull
more sarcomeres in series
potential for increased velocity of contraction (speed = distance/time)
found where a limb needs movement
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tenocytes
tendon cells
look like lines (histology)
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tendon hierarchy
fascicles -> sub fascicles -> collagen fibres -> collagen fibrils
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roles of tendon (5)
- minimising distal limb mass (e.g. horse)
- joins muscle to bone (transmitting muscle fore to skeleton)
- elastic energy storage
- energy conservation
- power amplification
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long tendons are often coupled with pennate muscles for better power amplification (t/f)
true
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stretched tendons recoil faster than a muscle shortens (t/f)
true