bundles of muscle fibres/cells, forming the muscle belly
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perimysium
binds each fascicle into bundles
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1?
tendon
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2?
aponeurosis
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3?
epimysium
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4?
perimysium
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5?
structure = fascicle membrane = sarcolemma
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6?
endomysium
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7?
myofibril
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sarcomere
basic contractile unit of a myocyte (muscle fibre)
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what is this structure? what is the pink? what is the yellow?
pink = myosin yellow = actin
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cardiac muscle structure
striated single central nucleus involuntary irregular arrangement with intercalated disks
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smooth muscle structure
no striations single nucleus involuntary longer contractions
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"force"
push or pull on an object, causing it to change velocity
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formula for 'work done'
force x Δdistance
*Δ = change in
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formula for 'power'
Δwork/Δtime
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pennate muscle
muscle fibres at an angle to internal tendon/aponeurosis increases physiological cross sectional area (which is proportional to force)
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parallel muscle
fibres run parallel to line of pull more sarcomeres in series potential for increased velocity of contraction (speed = distance/time) found where a limb needs movement
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tenocytes
tendon cells look like lines (histology)
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tendon hierarchy
fascicles -> sub fascicles -> collagen fibres -> collagen fibrils
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roles of tendon (5)
- minimising distal limb mass (e.g. horse) - joins muscle to bone (transmitting muscle fore to skeleton) - elastic energy storage - energy conservation - power amplification
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long tendons are often coupled with pennate muscles for better power amplification (t/f)
true
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stretched tendons recoil faster than a muscle shortens (t/f)